ἀνταποδίδωμι

From ἀντῐ́ (antí, “in return for”) +‎ ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δωμι (apodídōmi, “to give back”).

ἀντᾰποδῐ́δωμῐ • (antapodídōmi)

1. (transitive) to give back, requite, repay, give
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.18.3:

     οὗτοι δὲ τὸ ὅμοιον ἀνταποδιδόντες ἐτιμώρεον

     hoûtoi dè tò hómoion antapodidóntes etimṓreon

     these lent their aid in return for a similar service done for them

   1. (figuratively, transitive)
      • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.40.7:

        γενόμενοι δ’ ὅτι ἐγγύτατα τῇ γνώμῃ νῦν ἀνταπόδοτε

        genómenoi d’ hóti engútata têi gnṓmēi […] nûn antapódote

        but recall as nearly as possible the moment of suffering and now pay them back in their turn

2. (transitive) to correspond to; to cause to correspond with
   • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 71e:

     οὐκ ἀνταποδώσομεν τὴν ἐναντίαν γένεσιν

     ouk antapodṓsomen tḕn enantían génesin

     Shall we not assign as a balance the opposite process?

   1. to make convertible
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric 1407a.15:

        ἀεὶ δὲ δεῖ τὴν μεταφορὰν τὴν ἐκ τοῦ ἀνάλογον ἀνταποδιδόναι

        aeì dè deî tḕn metaphoràn tḕn ek toû análogon antapodidónai

        The proportional metaphor should always be reciprocally transferable

   2. (grammar)
      • 50 CE – 250 CE, Apollonius Dyscolus, On Conjunctions 254.19
      • 50 CE – 250 CE, Apollonius Dyscolus, On Syntax 54.5
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric 1047a.15:

        δεῖ δὲ ἕως μέμνηται ἀνταποδιδόναι ἀλλήλοις

        deî dè héōs mémnētai antapodidónai allḗlois

        Further, they should be made to correspond whilst the hearer still recollects

   3. (intransitive) to correspond with
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 72a
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Meteorology 347b.32
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Progression of Animals 707b.16
      • Ps.-Alex.Aphr., in SE 192.14
   4. (intransitive) to give back insults, esp. tu quoque
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 236c:

        ἵνα μὴ τὸ τῶν κωμῳδῶν φορτικὸν πρᾶγμα ἀναγκαζώμεθα ποιεῖν ἀνταποδιδόντες ἀλλήλοις

        hína mḕ tò tôn kōmōidôn phortikòn prâgma anankazṓmetha poieîn antapodidóntes allḗlois

        lest we be compelled to resort to the comic "you're another"

3. (transitive) to give in turn
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 3.3.58:

     ἐπεὶ δὲ πάλιν ἧκε τὸ σύνθημα ἀνταποδιδόμενον

     epeì dè pálin hêke tò súnthēma antapodidómenon

     And when the watchword came back and was delivered again to him

4. (transitive) to give back a sound
   • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Sulla 19.3:

     ὥστε τῆς κραυγῆς διχόθεν φερομένης καὶ τῶν ὀρῶν ἀνταποδιδόντων τὴν περιήχησιν

     hṓste tês kraugês dikhóthen pheroménēs kaì tôn orôn antapodidóntōn tḕn periḗkhēsin

     so that when shouts were borne to his ears from both places, and reëchoed by the surrounding hills

• ἀντῐπῐφάσκω (antipipháskō)

• ᾰ̓ναντᾰπόδοσῐς (anantapódosis)
• ᾰ̓ναντᾰπόδοτος (anantapódotos)
• ἀντᾰπόδομᾰ (antapódoma)
• ἀντᾰπόδοσῐς (antapódosis)
• ἀντᾰποδοτέον (antapodotéon)
• ἀντᾰποδοτῐκός (antapodotikós)
• προσαντᾰποδῐ́δωμῐ (prosantapodídōmi)

• “ἀνταποδίδωμι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀνταποδίδωμι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἀνταποδίδωμι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• ἀνταποδίδωμι in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• G467 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible