Unknown. Accoridng to Lidén, related to ἄρκευθος (árkeuthos), ἀρκάνη (arkánē) and Russian раки́та (rakíta, “willow”) but Beekes finds this improbable, as a derivative suffix would be expected. According to him, it is more probable a Pre-Greek word, giving the technical nature of the term.
ἄρκῠς • (árkus) f (genitive ἄρκῠος); third declension
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡ ᾰ̓́ρκῠς hē árkus |
τὼ ᾰ̓́ρκῠε tṑ árkue |
αἱ ᾰ̓́ρκῠες hai árkues | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τῆς ᾰ̓́ρκῠος tês árkuos |
τοῖν ᾰ̓ρκῠ́οιν toîn arkúoin |
τῶν ᾰ̓ρκῠ́ων tôn arkúōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῇ ᾰ̓́ρκῠῐ̈ / ᾰ̓́ρκυι têi árkuï / árkui |
τοῖν ᾰ̓ρκῠ́οιν toîn arkúoin |
ταῖς ᾰ̓́ρκῠσῐ / ᾰ̓́ρκῠσῐν taîs árkusi(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὴν ᾰ̓́ρκῠν tḕn árkun |
τὼ ᾰ̓́ρκῠε tṑ árkue |
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓́ρκῡς / ᾰ̓́ρκῠᾰς tā̀s árkūs / árkuas | ||||||||||
| Vocative | ᾰ̓́ρκῠ árku |
ᾰ̓́ρκῠε árkue |
ᾰ̓́ρκῠες árkues | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
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