Unknown. Accoridng to Lidén, related to ἄρκευθος (árkeuthos), ἀρκάνη (arkánē) and Russian раки́та (rakíta, “willow”) but Beekes finds this improbable, as a derivative suffix would be expected. According to him, it is more probable a Pre-Greek word, giving the technical nature of the term.
ἄρκῠς • (árkŭs) f (genitive ἄρκῠος); third declension
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡ ᾰ̓́ρκῠς hē ắrkŭs |
τὼ ᾰ̓́ρκῠε tṑ ắrkŭe |
αἱ ᾰ̓́ρκῠες hai ắrkŭes | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τῆς ᾰ̓́ρκῠος tês ắrkŭos |
τοῖν ᾰ̓ρκῠ́οιν toîn ărkŭ́oin |
τῶν ᾰ̓ρκῠ́ων tôn ărkŭ́ōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῇ ᾰ̓́ρκῠῐ̈ / ᾰ̓́ρκυι têi ắrkŭĭ̈ / ắrkui |
τοῖν ᾰ̓ρκῠ́οιν toîn ărkŭ́oin |
ταῖς ᾰ̓́ρκῠσῐ / ᾰ̓́ρκῠσῐν taîs ắrkŭsĭ(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὴν ᾰ̓́ρκῠν tḕn ắrkŭn |
τὼ ᾰ̓́ρκῠε tṑ ắrkŭe |
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓́ρκῡς / ᾰ̓́ρκῠᾰς tā̀s ắrkūs / ắrkŭăs | ||||||||||
| Vocative | ᾰ̓́ρκῠ ắrkŭ |
ᾰ̓́ρκῠε ắrkŭe |
ᾰ̓́ρκῠες ắrkŭes | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
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