夏ばて

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
夏
なつ
Grade: 2
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
夏バテ

Etymology

Compound of 夏 (natsu, “summer”) +‎ ばて (bate, “extreme tiredness, exhaustion”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb ばてる (bateru, “to become exhausted, tired out, pooped”)).

Appears in 1959.

Pronunciation

Noun

夏(なつ)ばて or 夏(なつ)ばて • (natsubate) 

  1. excessive tiredness caused by summer heat (not as extreme as heat exhaustion)
    Synonyms: 夏負けする (natsumake suru, literally “summer losing”), (including a sense of “heat exhaustion”) 暑気あたり (shoki atari, literally “heat hitting”)
    夏(なつ)ばてで何(なに)もしたくなく、食(しょく)欲(よく)もなくなった。
    Natsubate de nani mo shitakunaku, shokuyoku mo naku natta.
    Due to the summer heat, I don't want to do anything, and I don't even have any appetite.

Verb

夏(なつ)ばてする • (natsubate suru) suru (stem 夏(なつ)ばてし (natsubate shi), past 夏(なつ)ばてした (natsubate shita))

  1. to become extremely tired due to summer heat
    Synonym: (literally “lose to the summer”) 夏負けする (natsumake suru)
    夏(なつ)ばてしたように見(み)えるよね。
    Natsubate shita yō ni mieru yo ne.
    Wow, you really look worn out from the summer heat.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "夏ばてする" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 夏ばてし なつばてし natsubate shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 夏ばてし なつばてし natsubate shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 夏ばてする なつばてする natsubate suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 夏ばてする なつばてする natsubate suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 夏ばてすれ なつばてすれ natsubate sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 夏ばてせよ¹
夏ばてしろ² 		なつばてせよ¹
なつばてしろ² 		natsubate seyo¹
natsubate shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 夏ばてされる なつばてされる natsubate sareru
Causative 夏ばてさせる
夏ばてさす 		なつばてさせる
なつばてさす 		natsubate saseru
natsubate sasu
Potential 夏ばてできる なつばてできる natsubate dekiru
Volitional 夏ばてしよう なつばてしよう natsubate shiyō
Negative 夏ばてしない なつばてしない natsubate shinai
Negative continuative 夏ばてせず なつばてせず natsubate sezu
Formal 夏ばてします なつばてします natsubate shimasu
Perfective 夏ばてした なつばてした natsubate shita
Conjunctive 夏ばてして なつばてして natsubate shite
Hypothetical conditional 夏ばてすれば なつばてすれば natsubate sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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