戦く

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See also: 戦ぐ

Japanese

FWOTD – 13 July 2017

Etymology

Kanji in this term
戦
おのの
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
戰く (kyūjitai)
慄く

/wononoku/ → /ononoku/

Apophonic form of 戦慄く (wananaku).[1]

Pronunciation

Verb

戦(おのの)く • (ononoku) ←をののく (wononoku)?intransitive godan (stem 戦(おのの)き (ononoki), past 戦(おのの)いた (ononoita))

  1. to tremble in fear
    • 2016, 津野田幸作, 幸村軍戦記　４　上　伏見城夜襲戦‎, page 44:
      恐怖(きょうふ)に戦(おのの)く兵(つわもの)達(たち)のほとんどは、大将(たいしょう)が掲(かか)げる旗(はた)など見(み)るゆとりすらなかったのである。
      Kyōfu ni ononoku tsuwamono-tachi no hotondo wa, taishō ga kakageru hata nado miru yutori sura nakatta no de aru.
      Most of the soldiers trembling in fear did not get a clear view of the general putting up the flag.
  2. to shiver in cold
  3. to shake in anticipation

Conjugation

Conjugation of "戦く" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 戦か おののか ononoka
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 戦き おののき ononoki
Shūshikei ("terminal") 戦く おののく ononoku
Rentaikei ("attributive") 戦く おののく ononoku
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 戦け おののけ ononoke
Meireikei ("imperative") 戦け おののけ ononoke
Key constructions
Passive 戦かれる おののかれる ononokareru
Causative 戦かせる
戦かす 		おののかせる
おののかす 		ononokaseru
ononokasu
Potential 戦ける おののける ononokeru
Volitional 戦こう おののこう ononokō
Negative 戦かない おののかない ononokanai
Negative continuative 戦かず おののかず ononokazu
Formal 戦きます おののきます ononokimasu
Perfective 戦いた おののいた ononoita
Conjunctive 戦いて おののいて ononoite
Hypothetical conditional 戦けば おののけば ononokeba
Classical conjugation of "戦く" (カ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 戦か をののか wononoka
Continuative (連用形) 戦き をののき wononoki
Terminal (終止形) 戦く をののく wononoku
Attributive (連体形) 戦く をののく wononoku
Realis (已然形) 戦け をののけ wononoke
Imperative (命令形) 戦け をののけ wononoke
Key constructions
Negative 戦かず をののかず wononokazu
Contrasting conjunction 戦けど をののけど wononokedo
Causal conjunction 戦けば をののけば wononokeba
Conditional conjunction 戦かば をののかば wononokaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 戦きき をののきき wononokiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 戦きけり をののきけり wononokikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 戦きつ をののきつ wononokitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 戦きぬ をののきぬ wononokinu
Perfect-continuative tense 戦けり
戦きたり		 をののけり
をののきたり		 wononokeri
wononokitari
Volitional 戦かむ をののかむ wononokamu

Synonyms

Derived terms

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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