浮く

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
浮
う
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Etymology

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE. From Proto-Japonic *uku.

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "浮く"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		浮く うく
Imperative (命令形) 浮け うけ
Key constructions
Passive 浮かれる うかれる
Causative 浮かせる うかせる
Potential 浮ける うける
Volitional 浮こう うこ​ー
Negative 浮かない うかない
Negative perfective 浮かなかった うかな​かった
Formal 浮かびます うかびま​す
Perfective 浮いた ういた
Conjunctive 浮いて ういて
Hypothetical conditional 浮けば うけ​ば

Verb

浮(う)く • (uku) intransitive godan (stem 浮(う)き (uki), past 浮(う)いた (uita))

  1. to float
    Synonym: 浮かぶ
    Antonym: 沈む
    からだが海面(かいめん)に浮(う)く
    karada ga kaimen ni uku
    The body is floating on the sea.
  2. to be loose; to unfasten
    柱(はしら)が浮(う)いている
    hashira ga uite iru
    This pillar is loose.
  3. (of a person) to be excited
    浮(う)かない顔(かお)
    ukanai kao
    unexcited expression
  4. to have left-over money
    ガソリン代(だい)を浮(う)かせる
    gasorin-dai o ukaseru
    to save money on gasoline
    (literally, “to float gasoline money”)
  5. to appear on the surface
    錆(さび)が浮(う)く
    sabi ga uku
    to rust

Conjugation

Conjugation of "浮く" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 浮か うか uka
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 浮き うき uki
Shūshikei ("terminal") 浮く うく uku
Rentaikei ("attributive") 浮く うく uku
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 浮け うけ uke
Meireikei ("imperative") 浮け うけ uke
Key constructions
Passive 浮かれる うかれる ukareru
Causative 浮かせる
浮かす 		うかせる
うかす 		ukaseru
ukasu
Potential 浮ける うける ukeru
Volitional 浮こう うこう ukō
Negative 浮かない うかない ukanai
Negative continuative 浮かず うかず ukazu
Formal 浮きます うきます ukimasu
Perfective 浮いた ういた uita
Conjunctive 浮いて ういて uite
Hypothetical conditional 浮けば うけば ukeba
Classical conjugation of "浮く" (カ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 浮か うか uka
Continuative (連用形) 浮き うき uki
Terminal (終止形) 浮く うく uku
Attributive (連体形) 浮く うく uku
Realis (已然形) 浮け うけ uke
Imperative (命令形) 浮け うけ uke
Key constructions
Negative 浮かず うかず ukazu
Contrasting conjunction 浮けど うけど ukedo
Causal conjunction 浮けば うけば ukeba
Conditional conjunction 浮かば うかば ukaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 浮きき うきき ukiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 浮きけり うきけり ukikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 浮きつ うきつ ukitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 浮きぬ うきぬ ukinu
Perfect-continuative tense 浮けり
浮きたり		 うけり
うきたり		 ukeri
ukitari
Volitional 浮かむ うかむ ukamu

References

  1. ^ “浮”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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