𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌻𐍅𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +‎ Proto-Germanic *malwijaną (“to crush, grind, break”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡaˈmalw.jan/

Verb

𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌻𐍅𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (gamalwjan) (perfective)

1. (hapax) to crush (figuratively, to overwhelm by pressure or weight)
   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Luke (Codex Argenteus) 4.18:

     𐌰𐌷𐌼𐌰 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌼𐌹𐍃, 𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐌴𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉𐌳𐌰 𐌼𐌹𐌺 𐌳𐌿 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌴𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐌿𐌽𐌻𐌴𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌼, 𐌹𐌽𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌼𐌹𐌺 𐌳𐌿 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌻𐍅𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍄𐌹𐌽,

     ahma fraujins ana mis, in þizei gasalbōda mik du wailamērjan unlēdaim, insandida mik du ganasjan þans gamalwidans hairtin,

     The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor; he hath sent me to heal the brokenhearted, (KJV).

Conjugation

Only attested in the past participle.

Related terms

• 𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽 (malan, “to grind”)
• 𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌼𐌰 (malma, “sand”)
• 𐌼𐌰𐌻𐍉 (malō, “moth”)
• 𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰 (mulda, “soil, dust”)

References

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 89