-acht

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See also: acht, Acht, ächt, and åcht

Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Irish -acht (compare Scottish Gaelic -achd).

Suffix

-acht f

  1. Nominal suffix, used to form abstract ideas or nouns roughly corresponding to English -ness, -hood, -ity, or -ure.

Usage notes

  • This affix forms feminine nouns of the third declension. Abstract nouns do not have plural forms; however, concepts that refer to concrete items do have plurals in -aí.

Declension

Abstract nouns
Declension of -acht (third declension, no plural)
bare forms
case singular
nominative -acht
vocative a -acht
genitive -achta
dative -acht
forms with the definite article
case singular
nominative an -acht
genitive na -achta
dative leis an -acht
don -acht
Concrete nouns
Declension of -acht (third declension)
bare forms
case singular plural
nominative -acht -achtaí
vocative a -acht a -achtaí
genitive -achta -achtaí
dative -acht -achtaí
forms with the definite article
case singular plural
nominative an -acht na -achtaí
genitive na -achta na -achtaí
dative leis an -acht
don -acht
leis na -achtaí

Derived terms

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *-axtā, suffixal use of Proto-Celtic *axtā.

Suffix

-acht f

  1. -ness, -hood; forms abstract nouns.

Usage notes

After a palatalised consonant, the suffix becomes -echt.

Inflection

Feminine ā-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative -achtL -achtL -achtaH
Vocative -achtL -achtL -achtaH
Accusative -achtN -achtL -achtaH
Genitive -achtaeH -achtL -achtN
Dative -achtL -achtaib -achtaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Irish: -acht
  • Manx: -aght
  • Scottish Gaelic: -achd