Appendix:Old Irish class B V present verbs

Old Irish class B V verbs (Strachan's A2; McCone's S3 with i vocalism) are derived from Proto-Celtic verbs ending in *-nuti, from Proto-Indo-European athematic verbs with a nasal infix before w (singular *-né-w-ti, plural *-n-w-énti). They correspond to Ancient Greek verbs ending in -νυμι (-numi) and to Sanskrit class 5 verbs (e.g. शृणोति (śṛṇoti, “to hear”), which corresponds to Old Irish ro·cluinethar (“to hear”)). The stem-final n is always non-palatalized, and exists only in the present stem; there is no n in the future, subjunctive, or preterite stems of these verbs.

The inflection is almost identical to that of class B IV; the difference is that the root vowel in most cases is i, showing that the vowel after the n must have been u in Proto-Celtic.

No absolute forms are attested.

A sample verb of this subclass is ·gnin (found in ad·gnin/as·gnin/in·gnin (“to know”)). The endings are as follows (note that several of the endings are delenited after the root-final n):

A sample verb of this subclass is ro·finnadar:

• McCone, Kim (1997) The Early Irish Verb (Maynooth Monographs 1), 2nd edition, Maynooth: An Sagart, →ISBN, page 31
• Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, translation of Handbuch des Alt-Irischen (in German), →ISBN, pages 357, 379; reprinted 2017