Appendix:Swahili pronunciation
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Swahili
The following tables show the IPA representations of Swahili pronunciation.
| Vowels | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
| ɑ | baba IPA(key): 'father' | father |
| ɛ | ndege IPA(key): 'bird' | let |
| i | Kiswahili IPA(key): 'Swahili (language)' | meat |
| ɔ | mtoto IPA(key): 'child' | off |
| u | uhuru IPA(key): 'freedom' | fool |
| ː | kondoo IPA(key): 'sheep' | vowel length |
| Suprasegmentals | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Examples | Explanation |
| ˈ | safari IPA(key): 'journey' | stress[1] |
| Consonants | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
| ɓ | baba IPA(key): 'father' | bill |
| ɗ | dola IPA(key): 'dollar' | delta |
| ð | dhambi IPA(key): 'sin, offence'[2] | that |
| ʄ ~ dʒ | maji IPA(key): 'water' | jab |
| f | fisi IPA(key): 'hyena' | focus |
| ɠ | gani IPA(key): 'what, of which' | gag |
| ɣ | ghali IPA(key): 'expensive'[2] | Scottish loch but voiced |
| h | uhuru IPA(key): 'freedom' | ahead |
| j | yeye IPA(key): 'he/she' | yellow |
| k | kitabu IPA(key): 'book' | scald |
| l | lakini IPA(key): 'but'[3] | lack |
| m | damu IPA(key): 'blood' | mocha |
| m̩ | mtoto IPA(key): 'child' | rhythm |
| ᵐb | mbali IPA(key): 'far' | clamber |
| ᶬv | mvinyo IPA(key): 'spirits' | Humvee |
| n | nini IPA(key): 'what' | ninny |
| n̩ | nchi IPA(key): 'country' | even (syllabic nasal) |
| ⁿd | muhindi IPA(key): 'corn, maize' | handy |
| ᵑɡ | ngoma IPA(key): 'drum' | finger |
| ⁿdʒ | injili IPA(key): 'gospel' | range |
| ⁿz | kwanza IPA(key): 'to begin' | pansy |
| ɲ | nyoka IPA(key): 'snake' | canyon |
| ŋ | ng'ombe IPA(key): 'cow, ox' | sing |
| p | kikapu IPA(key): 'basket' | spill |
| ɾ | rafiki IPA(key): 'friend'[3] | robot |
| s | sisi IPA(key): 'we' | stole |
| ʃ | shamba IPA(key): 'farm, field' | shell |
| t | moto IPA(key): 'fire' | stand |
| tʃ | chumba IPA(key): 'room' | chase |
| θ | thelathini IPA(key): 'thirty'[2] | think |
| v | vitabu IPA(key): 'books' | vittle |
| w | watu IPA(key): 'people' | with |
| x | subulkheri IPA(key): 'good morning'[2] | Scottish loch |
| z | maziwa IPA(key): 'milk' | zoo |