Cymreigio

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Welsh

Etymology

From Cymreig (“Welsh”) +‎ -io.

Pronunciation

Verb

Cymreigio (first-person singular present Cymreigiaf)

  1. to make (more) Welsh, to Welshify, to cymricise
    • 2004 September, Elvey MacDonald, BBC Cymru‎:
      Nid tasg ysgafn oedd golygu'r gyfrol swmpus hon, yn arbennig o gofio bod llawysgrifen JDE yn deilwng o'r meddyg gorau. Nid yw'n syndod, felly, bod gwallau wedi llwyddo i osgoi sylw'r Golygydd hwnt ac yma ... Pan ddywed JDE ei fod wedi cyrraedd adref yn oriau mân y bore ar ôl cael dau 'binchasau', nid sôn y mae am 'fyrbryd' ond am 'punctures' - sef y gair Sbaeneg 'pinchazo' yn ei ffurf luosog, wedi'i Gymreigio a'i dreiglo (sy'n esbonio'r oedi ar y ffordd).
      It was no mean feat editing this weighty tome, especially when one considers that JDE had handwriting worthy of the best of doctors. It is not surprising then, that mistakes had managed to evade the notice of the Editor here and there ... When JDE says he had arrived home in the early hours of the morning having had two 'binchasau', he is not talking about a 'snack' but about 'punctures' - that is to say the Spanish word 'pinchazo' in its plural form, Welshified and mutated (which explains the delay on the way).
  2. to translate into Welsh

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future Cymreigiaf Cymreigi Cymreigia Cymreigiwn Cymreigiwch Cymreigiant Cymreigir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional Cymreigiwn Cymreigit Cymreigiai Cymreigiem Cymreigiech Cymreigient Cymreigid
preterite Cymreigiais Cymreigiaist Cymreigiodd Cymreigiasom Cymreigiasoch Cymreigiasant Cymreigiwyd
pluperfect Cymreigiaswn Cymreigiasit Cymreigiasai Cymreigiasem Cymreigiasech Cymreigiasent Cymreigiasid, Cymreigiesid
present subjunctive Cymreigiwyf Cymreigiech Cymreigio Cymreigiom Cymreigioch Cymreigiont Cymreigier
imperative — Cymreigia Cymreigied Cymreigiwn Cymreigiwch Cymreigient Cymreigier
verbal noun Cymreigio
verbal adjectives Cymreigiedig
Cymreigiadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future Cymreigia i, Cymreigiaf i Cymreigi di Cymreigith o/e/hi, Cymreigiff e/hi Cymreigiwn ni Cymreigiwch chi Cymreigian nhw
conditional Cymreigiwn i, Cymreigswn i Cymreigiet ti, Cymreigset ti vai fo/fe/hi, Cymreigsai fo/fe/hi Cymreigien ni, Cymreigsen ni Cymreigiech chi, Cymreigsech chi Cymreigien nhw, Cymreigsen nhw
preterite Cymreigiais i, Cymreigies i Cymreigiaist ti, Cymreigiest ti Cymreigiodd o/e/hi Cymreigion ni Cymreigioch chi Cymreigion nhw
imperative — Cymreigia — — Cymreigiwch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Mutation

Mutated forms of Cymreigio
radical soft nasal aspirate
Cymreigio Gymreigio Nghymreigio Chymreigio

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “Cymreigio”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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