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English

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Menshevik, Bundist, Polish Social Democratic and Latvian Social Democratic delegates at the 4th Congress of the RSDLP

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian меньшеви́к (menʹševík), derived from меньшинство́ (menʹšinstvó, minority), formed in turn from Russian ме́ньше (ménʹše), the comparative of ма́лый (mályj, little).[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

Menshevik (plural Mensheviks or (literary) Mensheviki)

  1. (now chiefly historical) A member of the gradualist or moderate wing of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party during the years preceding the Russian Revolution, when they split with the Bolsheviks; or a member of a later independent moderate-Marxist party formed in 1917.
    • 1967 [1905 March 23 (10)], Владимир Ленин [Vladimir Lenin], “Пора кончить”, in В. И. Ленин – Полное собрание сочинений, volume 9, page 145; English translation from “Time to Call a Halt!”, in V. I. Lenin – Collected Works, volume 8, translation of original in Russian, 1977, page 36:
      For the last five or six months the representative of one district has been a ‘Menshevik’. Due to the fact that it has been out of touch with the general activity, this district has lost ground terribly.
      V odnom rajone v poslednije 5—6 mesjacev predstavitelem byl «menʹševik». Blagodarja otorvannosti ot obščej raboty etot rajon strašno oslab.
    • 1985, Peter Carey, Illywhacker, Faber and Faber 2003, page 259:
      ‘Better an ultra-leftist than a Menshevik,’ said Rosa Kaletsky.
    • 2015 October 28, Ted Cruz, quotee, “Transcript: Read the Full Text of the CNBC Republican Debate in Boulder”, in Time:
      Let me be clear. The men and women on this stage have more ideas, more experience, more common sense than every participant in the Democratic debate. That debate reflected a debate between the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks.

Translations

See also

References

  1. ^ T.F. Hoad, Concise Dictionary of English Etymology, →ISBN; headword Menshevik