Reconstruction:Latin/bassius

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 This Latin entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Latin

Etymology

Variant form of bassus, likely influenced by the related verb *bassiāre (“to lower”). Alternatively, from reinterpretation of a neuter comparative *bassius (“lower”) originally used adverbially or prepositionally.[1][2]

Pronunciation

Adjective

*bassium (Proto-Italo-Western-Romance)

  1. low, short

Reconstruction notes

The descendants take the forms of adjectives, but may be used as adjectives, adverbs or prepositions. In the majority of the languages listed below, it was not regular for final /s/ to be lost, which means the adverbial and prepositional uses of e.g. Spanish bajo cannot descend directly from the comparative form *bassius reconstructed by Fagard; rather, they would have to reflect a further change where the neuter comparative accusative ending -ius was altered to end in -um, the non-comparative masculine and neuter accusative ending.

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Benjamin Fagard, Dejan Stosic, José Pinto de Lima. "Complex adpositions in Romance: Emergence and variation. Complex Adpositions in European Languages – A Micro-Typological Approach to Complex Nominal Relators", De Gruyter Mouton, pp.33-64, 2020, 978-3-11-068664-7. 10.1515/9783110686647-002 . halshs-03087876. (Page 16).
  2. ^ Benjamin Fagard, « 6. La grammaticalisation en question : du latin aux langues romanes modernes  », Modèles linguistiques , 53 | 2006, published online 1 February 2015. Accessed 28 September 2023. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/ml/523 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/ml.523
  3. ^ Wireback, Kenneth J. (2007) “VOCALIZATION OF /K/ OR ANTICIPATORY EPENTHESIS? Glide Formation and Consonant-Based Palatalization in the Western and Italo-Romance Development of Latin /Ks/ and /Kt/”, in Romanische Forschungen, volume 119, number 1, page 21: “*bassiu > baix ›low‹”
  4. ^ “bajo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
  5. ^ Boyd-Bowman, Peter (1980) From Latin to Romance in Sound Charts‎, Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press, →ISBN, page 12
  6. ^ Núñez Méndez, Eva. 2021. "An overview of the sibilant merger and its development in Spanish." In Sociolinguistic approaches to sibilant variation in Spanish. Edited by E. Núñez-Méndez. London: Routledge, pp. 9-72. (Page 13)
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