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Reconstruction:Latin/dominionem. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
Reconstruction:Latin/dominionem, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
Reconstruction:Latin/dominionem in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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Latin
Etymology
The explanations offered to date are as follows, arranged in descending order of plausibility:
- Von Wartburg favours a derivation from Latin dominus (“master, lord”; cf. *summiōnem < summum) with an original sense of “tower that dominates the entire castle” (similarly, “master tower” per Pfister). This assumes a kind of figurative or anthropomorphic expression but is otherwise unproblematic.
- Gamillscheg (among others) favours a derivation from a supposed Frankish cognate of Old Norse dyngja f (“house in the ground where women do their work”) and Middle High German tunc m (“underground chamber covered with dung for protection against the cold; women's weaving-room; crop storage room”). This runs into several formal issues with the Romance forms grouped below, which—pace Gamillscheg—do imply an original */mnj/. Cf. somniāre > Old French songier, soignier; Old Occitan somnhar, somjar, sonjar. Likewise the ⟨m⟩ in the earliest documented reflex of *dominiōnem in the Oïl area: ⟨domnione⟩ in a Latin chronicle written in the 1040s in Mouzon.
- Van Osta posits a formation meaning “lord’s tower”. There exists no suffix with the required meaning and form.
Pronunciation
Noun
*dominiōnem m (Proto-Gallo-Romance)
- donjon (main tower of a castle)
Declension
|
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singular
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plural
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| nominative
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*/domˈɲons/
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*/domˈɲon/
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| oblique
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*/domˈɲon/
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*/domˈɲons/
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Descendants
- Old French: donjon, dognon, doignon, dongnon, dougnon (/duˈɲun/), doinjon, doion, dojon, donion, donjoun, donjun, dounggeon, doungeon, doungeoun, dunjon, dunjun, dongon, dongoun, dongun, dungon, dungoun, dungun, dangon (⟨g⟩ /d͡ʒ/), dangon, dangun, danjun, donjan, doungin
- Old Occitan: domnhon, domnon, domejon, dromnhom, dromon, donjon (likely from French)
References
- ^ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “*dominiō”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 3: D–F, page 130: “Es bezeichnet den turm als den das ganze schloss beherrschenden teil, eher denn als die wohnung des herrn.”
- ^ Pfister, M. (1973) “La répartition géographique des éléments franciques en gallo-romanz”, in Revue de linguistique romane, volume 37, Société de Linguistique Romane, →DOI, page 149
- ^ Gamillscheg, Ernst (1931) “Frz. donjon „Schloßturm"”, in Zeitschrift für französische Sprache und Literatur, volume 54, number 3/4, Franz Steiner Verlag
- ^ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “somniāre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 12: Sk–š, page 85
- ^ dominionus in Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften (1967– ) Mittellateinisches Wörterbuch, Munich: C.H. Beck
- ^ van Osta, Ward (1992) “Donk: Semantisch en Etymologisch”, in Naamkunde, volume 24, Leuven: Het Instituut voor Naamkunde: “fra. donjon teruggaat op vulg. lat. *dominio(nem) ‘toren van de heer’”
