Reconstruction:Old Persian/naftah

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This Old Persian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Old Persian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰtós, from *nebʰ- (wet, moist). Cognate with Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬀 (napta, moist, wet).

Adjective

*naftah

  1. wet, moist

Descendants

  • Middle Persian: (npt' /⁠naft⁠/, moist, damp)

Etymology 2

Presumably borrowed from Akkadian 𒉌𒆳𒊏 (/⁠napṭu⁠/, petroleum), from 𒈾𒁀𒂅 (na-ba-ṭu /⁠napâṭu, nabâṭu⁠/, to be(come) bright, to shine; to flare up, to blaze). Parallel borrowing with Classical Syriac ܢܦܛܐ (petroleum), Hebrew נפט (petroleum). Alternatively suggested to be a nominalization of Etymology 1.[1]

Noun

*naftah

  1. petroleum

Descendants

  • Middle Persian: (npt' /⁠naft⁠/, naphtha)
    • Persian: نفت (naft, petroleum, oil) (see there for further descendants)
    • Tajik: нафт (naft)
  • Ancient Greek: νάφθα (náphtha, naphtha) (see there for further descendants)
    • Latin: naphtha (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Armenian: նաւթ (nawtʻ) (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Georgian: ნაფთი (napti)

Further reading

References

  1. ^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2015) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 5, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 411