Reconstruction:Proto-Algonquian/ka·ka·kiwa

This Proto-Algonquian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Compare Yurok kwegokw (“common raven”), Wiyot ga'tsi·r (“crow”). Potentially related to Navajo gáagii (“crow”), Cherokee ᎪᎬ (gogv, “crow”)

*ka·ka·kiwa

1. raven, crow

• *a·nte·kwa (“raven, crow”)

• Plains Algonquian:
  • Arapaho: hóuu (“crow”)
  • Cheyenne: ókohke (“crow”)
• Central Algonquian:
  • Cree-Montagnais-Naskapi:
    • Cree: kâhkâkiw/ᑳᐦᑳᑭᐤ (kaahkaakiw, “raven, crow”), kahkakiw/ᑲᐦᑲᑭᐤ (kahkakiw, “raven, crow”)
    • Moose Cree: ᑳᐦᑳᑭᐤ (“crow”) kâhkâkiw
    • Naskapi: ᑲᐧᑲᒍᐤ (kaykachuw, “raven”)
    • Atikamekw: kakakew (“raven”)
    • Montagnais: kakatshu (“common raven”)
    • Northern East Cree: ᑳᐦᑳᒋᐤ (kaahkaaciw, “raven”)
    • Southern East Cree: ᑳᐦᑳᒎ (kaahkaacoo, “raven”)
  • Eastern Great Lakes:
    • Menominee: ka·ka·kew (“raven, crow”)
    • Ojibwe: gaagaagiw (“raven”)
    • Potawatomi: kagakshi (“crow”)
    • Fox: kâkâkiwa (“crow”)
• Eastern Algonquian:
  • Malecite-Passamaquoddy: kahkakuhs (“crow”)
  • Penobscot: kάkαko (“crow”)
  • possibly Massachusett: kongkont (“crow”)
  • possibly Mi’kmaq: ga’qaquj (“crow”)
  • possibly Mohegan-Pequot: kôkôc (“crow, raven”)

• Philip Baldi, Linguistic Change and Reconstruction Methodology →ISBN, 1990)

• The Dialectology of Southern New England Algonquian, David J. Costa