Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ankus

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *n̥ḱ-ú-s ~ *n̥k-éw-s (“dead; mortal”).

Noun

*ankus m^[1]

death

Declension

Masculine/feminine u-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ankus	*ankū	*ankowes
vocative	*anku	*ankū	*ankūs
accusative	*ankum	*ankū	*ankums
genitive	*ankous	*ankous	*ankowom
dative	*ankou	*ankubom	*ankubos
locative	*?	*?	*?
instrumental	*ankū	*ankubim	*ankubis

Related terms

*anxtu

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *ankow (from the plural stem)^[2]
- Old Breton: ancou
  - Middle Breton: ancou, ancaou
    - Breton: ankoù
      - ⇒ Breton: Ankoù
        → French: Ankou
        → English: Ankou
- Old Cornish: ancou
  - Cornish: ankow
- Middle Welsh: angheu
  - Welsh: angau
    - Welsh: Angau
Old Irish: éc
- Irish: éag
- Scottish Gaelic: eug

References

^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*anku-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 37
^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 350: “*ank-ou̯-”

[1] Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*anku-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 37

[2] Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 350: “*ank-ou̯-”

[1]

[2]