Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/gʷaneti
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰénti ~ *gʷʰnénti.
Verb
*gʷaneti
Inflection
| Thematic present, suffixless preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *gʷanū | *gʷanemam | *gʷigʷnāsū | *gʷegʷona |
| 2nd singular | *gʷanesi | *gʷanetās | *gʷigʷnāsesi | *gʷegʷonas? |
| 3rd singular | *gʷaneti | *gʷaneto | *gʷigʷnāseti | *gʷegʷone |
| 1st plural | *gʷanomosi | *gʷanemo | *gʷigʷnāsomosi | *gʷegʷonmo |
| 2nd plural | *gʷanetesi | *gʷanestē | *gʷigʷnāsetesi | *gʷegʷone |
| 3rd plural | *gʷanonti | *gʷanento | *gʷigʷnāsonti | *gʷegʷonars |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *gʷanasū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *gʷanasesi | ? | *gʷane | |
| 3rd singular | *gʷanaseti | ? | *gʷanetou | |
| 1st plural | *gʷanasomosi | ? | *gʷanomos | |
| 2nd plural | *gʷanasetesi | ? | *gʷanete | |
| 3rd plural | *gʷanasonti | ? | *gʷanontou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *gʷanūr | — | *gʷigʷnāsūr | *gʷegʷonra |
| 2nd singular | *gʷanetar | — | *gʷigʷnāsetar | *gʷegʷonras? |
| 3rd singular | *gʷanetor | ? | *gʷigʷnāsetor | *gʷegʷonre |
| 1st plural | *gʷanommor | — | *gʷigʷnāsommor | ? |
| 2nd plural | *gʷanedwe | — | *gʷigʷnāsedwe | ? |
| 3rd plural | *gʷanontor | ? | *gʷigʷnāsontor | ? |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *gʷanasūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *gʷanasetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *gʷanasetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *gʷanasommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *gʷanasedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *gʷanasontor | — | — | |
| Declension of the present participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *gʷanonts | *gʷanonte | *gʷanontes |
| vocative | *gʷanonts | *gʷanonte | *gʷanontes |
| accusative | *gʷanontam | *gʷanonte | *gʷanontans |
| genitive | *gʷanantos | *? | *gʷanantom |
| dative | *gʷanantei | *gʷanantbom | *gʷanantbos |
| instrumental | *gʷanantī? | *gʷanantbim | *gʷanantbis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *gʷanantī | *gʷanantī | *gʷanantiyās |
| vocative | *gʷanantī | *gʷanantī | *gʷanantiyās |
| accusative | *gʷanantīm | *gʷanantī | *gʷanantiyans |
| genitive | *gʷanantyās | *? | *gʷanantyom |
| dative | *gʷanantyāi | *gʷanantyābom | *gʷanantyābos |
| instrumental | *? | *gʷanantyābim | *gʷanantyābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *gʷanont | *? | *gʷanonta |
| vocative | *gʷanont | *? | *gʷanonta |
| accusative | *gʷanont | *? | *gʷanonta |
| genitive | *gʷanantos | *? | *gʷanantom |
| dative | *gʷanantei | *? | *gʷanantbos |
| instrumental | *gʷanantī? | *? | *gʷanantbis |
| Declension of the past participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *gʷantos | *gʷantou | *gʷantoi |
| vocative | *gʷante | *gʷantou | *gʷantoi |
| accusative | *gʷantom | *gʷantou | *gʷantons |
| genitive | *gʷantī | *gʷantous | *gʷantom |
| dative | *gʷantūi | *gʷantobom | *gʷantobos |
| instrumental | *gʷantū | *gʷantobim | *gʷantobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *gʷantā | *gʷantai | *gʷantās |
| vocative | *gʷantā | *gʷantai | *gʷantās |
| accusative | *gʷantam | *gʷantai | *gʷantans |
| genitive | *gʷantās | *gʷantous | *gʷantom |
| dative | *gʷantai | *gʷantābom | *gʷantābos |
| instrumental | *? | *gʷantābim | *gʷantābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *gʷantom | *gʷantou | *gʷantā |
| vocative | *gʷantom | *gʷantou | *gʷantā |
| accusative | *gʷantom | *gʷantou | *gʷantā |
| genitive | *gʷantī | *gʷantous | *gʷantom |
| dative | *gʷantūi | *gʷantobom | *gʷantobos |
| instrumental | *gʷantū | *gʷantobim | *gʷantobis |
Derived terms
- *ati-gʷaneti (“strike back, strike again”)
- *ɸeri-gʷaneti
- *to-gʷaneti
- Proto-Brythonic:
- Middle Welsh: dywanu
- Proto-Brythonic:
- *to-dī-kom-gʷaneti
- Proto-Brythonic:
- Old Breton: do·dicouant (past pret. sg.)
- Proto-Brythonic:
- *gʷan-tlom
- Middle Irish: gétal (name of an Ogham letter)