Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/grāwā

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʰroh₁weh₂, from *gʰreh₁w- (“to grind”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *greutą (“grit”), Old Armenian կորկոտ (korkot, “groats of wheat”), Lithuanian grū́das (“grain”), Latvian grauds (“grain”), Russian гру́да (grúda, “heap”).

Noun

*grāwā f^[1]

gravel, pebbles
Synonym: *griyano-

Declension

Feminine ā-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*grāwā	*grāwai	*grāwās
vocative	*grāwā	*grāwai	*grāwās
accusative	*grāwam	*grāwai	*grāwāms
genitive	*grāwās	*grāwous	*grāwom
dative	*grāwāi	*grāwābom	*grāwābos
locative	*grāwai	*?	*?
instrumental	*?	*grāwābim	*grāwābis

Descendants

Brythonic: *grọw
- Middle Breton: grouanenn
  - Breton: groa, gro, grouan
    - → English: growan
- Old Cornish: grou
  - Cornish: grow
- Welsh: gro
Gaulish: *grawa, *growa
- → Old French: groe
  - Middle French: groe
- → Medieval Latin: grava
  - Old French: greve, grave
    - Middle French: grave
      - French: grave
        → Norwegian Bokmål: grave
    - ⇒ Old French: gravele
      - Middle French: gravelle, gravele
      - → Middle English: grauel
        English: gravel

References

^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 167

[1] Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 167

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