Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/katyeti

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 This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *keh₂t-, compare Russian катать (katatʹ, “to rush, roll”). The original meaning of "throw" for the Irish word is assumed by Matasovic, though this use is not actually attested.

Verb

*katyeti[1]

  1. to throw

Declension

Thematic present
Active voice
Present Imperfect Future Preterite
1st singular *katyū *katyemam ? —
2nd singular *katyesi *katyetās ? —
3rd singular *katyeti *katyeto ? —
1st plural *katyomosi *katyemo ? —
2nd plural *katyetesi *katyestē ? —
3rd plural *katyonti *katyento ? —
Pres. subjunctive Past subjunctive Imperative
1st singular ? ? —
2nd singular ? ? *katye
3rd singular ? ? *katyetou
1st plural ? ? *katyomos
2nd plural ? ? *katyete
3rd plural ? ? *katyontou
Passive voice
Present Imperfect Future Preterite
1st singular *katyūr — ? —
2nd singular *katyetar — ? —
3rd singular *katyetor ? ? —
1st plural *katyommor — ? —
2nd plural *katyedwe — ? —
3rd plural *katyontor ? ? —
Pres. subjunctive Past subjunctive Imperative
1st singular ? — —
2nd singular ? — —
3rd singular ? — —
1st plural ? — —
2nd plural ? — —
3rd plural ? — —
Declension of the present participle
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *katyonts *katyonte *katyontes
vocative *katyonts *katyonte *katyontes
accusative *katyontam *katyonte *katyontans
genitive *katyantos *? *katyantom
dative *katyantei *katyantbom *katyantbos
instrumental *katyantī? *katyantbim *katyantbis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *katyantī *katyantī *katyantiyās
vocative *katyantī *katyantī *katyantiyās
accusative *katyantīm *katyantī *katyantiyans
genitive *katyantyās *? *katyantyom
dative *katyantyāi *katyantyābom *katyantyābos
instrumental *? *katyantyābim *katyantyābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *katyont *? *katyonta
vocative *katyont *? *katyonta
accusative *katyont *? *katyonta
genitive *katyantos *? *katyantom
dative *katyantei *? *katyantbos
instrumental *katyantī? *? *katyantbis

Descendants

  • Old Irish: caithid (“use, consume”)
    • Middle Irish: caithid (“use, consume; throw”)
  • Gaulish: *kateya
    • → Latin: catēia (“projectile”)

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*kat-yo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 195-96
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