Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/keiliyos

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 This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Uncertain.[1] Possibly originally meaning "wayfarer," from Proto-Indo-European *ḱey- (“to settle”), similar to the sense development of Old Irish séitig (“wife”) from *sentus (“way, path”).[2] Stokes instead compares Latin cacula (“servant”).[3]

Noun

*keiliyos m[4][5]

  1. companion[1]
  2. servant

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *keiliyos *keiliyou *keiliyoi
vocative *keiliye *keiliyou *keiliyoi
accusative *keiliyom *keiliyou *keiliyoms
genitive *keiliyī *keiliyous *keiliyom
dative *keiliyūi *keiliyobom *keiliyobos
locative *keiliyei *? *?
instrumental *keiliyū *keiliyobim *keiliyūis

Reconstruction notes

  • Matasović claims that the Brittonic forms must have come from *kil(i)yos. He is incorrect; they can only come from *keiliyos.
    • *kilyos can only yield non-existent monosyllabic Welsh **cyl, and *kiliyos would yield also non-existent **cylydd.
    • On the other hand, *keiliyos can produce Welsh cilydd handily with internal i-affection of *ei.[6]

Descendants

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*kēlyo- / *kilyo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 199–200
  2. ^ MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “ceil”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎, Stirling, →ISBN
  3. ^ Stokes, Whitley, Bezzenberger, Adalbert (1894) Urkeltischer Sprachschatz (Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen; Zweiter Theil) (in German), Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, page 66
  4. ^ Schrijver, Peter (1998) “The Châteaubleau tile as a link between Latin and French and between Gaulish and Brittonic”, in Etudes Celtiques, volume 34, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 135–142
  5. ^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “cele”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 112
  6. ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, pages 241-243
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