Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/mezgos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Unknown; claimed to be from Proto-Indo-European *mosgʰos (“marrow”),^[1], though this seems semantically difficult. A connection to Old Norse mysa (“whey”), Sanskrit आमिक्षा (āmikṣā, “cottage cheese, cream”), from Proto-Indo-European *meyḱ- (“to mix”)^[2] also seems unlikely^[3].

Noun

*mezgos m^[1]^[3]^[4]

whey

Declension

Masculine o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*mezgos	*mezgou	*mezgoi
vocative	*mezge	*mezgou	*mezgoi
accusative	*mezgom	*mezgou	*mezgoms
genitive	*mezgī	*mezgous	*mezgom
dative	*mezgūi	*mezgobom	*mezgobos
locative	*mezgei	*?	*?
instrumental	*mezgū	*mezgobim	*mezgūis

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *meið
- Old Breton: meid
- Cornish: meith
- Welsh: maidd
Old Irish: medc, medg
- Irish: meadhg, meidhg, meug
- Scottish Gaelic: mèag, meòg, meug, (dialectal) meang
- Manx: meaig, meug
Gaulish: *mesgos^[5]^[3]^[6]
- → Latin: mesgus
  - Old French: mesgue
    - French: mègue, mêgue

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*mezgo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 270
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “mei-k̑-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 714
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 376
^ Koch, John (2004) “*mesgā-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda‎, University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, page 388
^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, pages mesgos–226
^ Lewis, Henry, Pedersen, Holger (1989) A Concise Comparative Celtic Grammar, 3rd edition, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 25

[EDPC-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*mezgo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 270

[2] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “mei-k̑-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 714

[Schrijver-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 376

[4] Koch, John (2004) “*mesgā-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda‎, University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, page 388

[DLG-5] Delamarre, Xavier (2003) Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, pages mesgos–226

[6] Lewis, Henry, Pedersen, Holger (1989) A Concise Comparative Celtic Grammar, 3rd edition, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 25

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