Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/segos

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 This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰós, an adjective formed from *seǵʰ-. A fellow adjectival cognate is Sanskrit सह (sahá, “powerful”).

Adjective

*segos

  1. bold, brave
Inflection
O/ā-stem
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *segos *segou *segoi
vocative *sege *segou *segoi
accusative *segom *segou *segons
genitive *segī *segous *segom
dative *segūi *segobom *segobos
instrumental *segū *segobim *segobis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *segā *segai *segās
vocative *segā *segai *segās
accusative *segam *segai *segans
genitive *segās *segous *segom
dative *segai *segābom *segābos
instrumental *? *segābim *segābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *segom *segou *segā
vocative *segom *segou *segā
accusative *segom *segou *segā
genitive *segī *segous *segom
dative *segūi *segobom *segobos
instrumental *segū *segobim *segobis
Declension of the comparative
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *segyūs *? *segyoses
vocative *segyūs *? *segyoses
accusative *segyosam *? *segyosans
genitive *segisos *? *segisom
dative *segisei *? *segisbos
instrumental *segisī *? *segisbis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *segyūs *? *segyoses
vocative *segyūs *? *segyoses
accusative *segyosam *? *segyosans
genitive *segisos *? *segisom
dative *segisei *? *segisbos
instrumental *segisī *? *segisbis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *segis *? *?
vocative *segis *? *?
accusative *segis *? *?
genitive *segisos *? *segisom
dative *segisei *? *segisbos
instrumental *segisī *? *segisbis
Reconstruction notes

Matasović conflates the possibly s-stem noun and definitely o/ā-stem adjective into one lemma.

Derived terms
Descendants
  • Proto-Brythonic: *hɨɣ
  • Celtiberian: Segouia (“Segovia”), Sekobirikez (“Segobriga”) (ablative singular)
  • Gaulish: *segos (in personal names)
  • ⇒ Lepontic: 𐌔𐌄𐌗𐌄𐌈𐌖 (sexeθu, “?”)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-, possibly via Proto-Indo-European *séǵʰos (“power, strength”) (an s-stem). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *segaz (“victory”), another s-stem formation from *seǵʰ-.

Noun

*segos n

  1. strength, force
Inflection
Neuter s-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *segos *segese? *segesa
vocative *segos *segese? *segesa
accusative *segos *segese? *segesa
genitive *segesos *segesous? *segesom
dative *segesei *segesbom *segesbos
locative *segesi *? *?
instrumental *segesei *segesbim *segesbis
Descendants

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*sego-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 327
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