Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/widubiyom

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From *widu- (“wood”) +‎ *bi- (“to strike”) +‎ *-om (verbal noun suffix).^[1]^[2]^[3]

Noun

*widubiyom n^[2]

billhook

Inflection

Neuter o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*widubiyom	*widubiyou	*widubiyā
vocative	*widubiyom	*widubiyou	*widubiyā
accusative	*widubiyom	*widubiyou	*widubiyā
genitive	*widubiyī	*widubiyous	*widubiyom
dative	*widubiyūi	*widubiyobom	*widubiyobos
locative	*widubiyei	*?	*?
instrumental	*widubiyū	*widubiyobim	*widubiyūis

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *gwɨðüβ
- Old Breton: guedom, guodob
  - Middle Breton: gousifyat, gouzifyad
    - Breton: gouzifiad
- Cornish: gwydhyv
- Old Welsh: uidimm
  - Middle Welsh: gwddyf
    - Welsh: gwddi (obsolete)
Old Irish: fidbae
- Irish: fiodhbha
Gaulish: *uidubion
- → Latin: vidubium
  - French: vouge, voulge
    - → English: voulge
  - Franco-Provençal: vezoig

References

^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gwddyf, gwddi”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*widu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 420
^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “uidubion”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 320

[1] R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gwddyf, gwddi”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

[EDPC-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*widu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 420

[3] Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “uidubion”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 320

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