Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/iukudak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Verb
- (of horses) to squeal
Inflection
Inflection of *iukudak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *iugun | *iuguin | — | *iukugon |
| 2nd sing. | *iugut | *iuguit | *iuguk | *iukugos |
| 3rd sing. | *iukubi *iuku |
*iukui | *iukugasën | *iukugosën |
| 1st plur. | *iugukmëk *iugukmak |
*iukuimëk *iukuimak |
*iukugatëmëk *iukugatamak |
*iukugotëmëk *iukugotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *iuguktëk *iuguktak |
*iukuidëk *iukuidak |
*iukugatë *iukugata |
*iukugot'ëk *iukugotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *iukubat *iuku |
*iukui | *iukugasën | *iukugosën |
| passive | *iuguksën *iugut'aksën |
*iukudisën *iuguttisën |
*iukudakahën *iuguttakahën |
*iukudakohën *iuguttakohën |
| connegative | *iuguk | — | *iukugak | *iukugok |
| passive connegative | *iuguktak | — | *iukudagak *iuguttagak |
*iukudagok *iuguttagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *iugukcin | *iukuicin | *iukunën | |
| 2nd sing. | *iugukcit | *iukuicit | *iukunët | |
| 3rd sing. | *iugukci | *iukuici | *iukuni | |
| 1st plur. | *iugukcimëk *iugukcimak |
*iukuicimëk *iukuicimak |
*iukunëmëk *iukunëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *iugukcidëk *iugukcidak |
*iukuicidëk *iukuicidak |
*iukunëdëk *iukunëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *iugukci | *iukuici | *iukuni | |
| passive | *iukudakcihën *iugut'akcihën |
*iukudicihën *iugutticihën |
*iukudanëhën *iuguttanëhën | |
| connegative | *iugukcik | *iukuicik | *iukunëk | |
| passive connegative | *iukudakcik *iugut'akcik |
*iukudicik *iugutticik |
*iukudanëk *iuguttanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *iukudak | present | *iukuba | *iukudapa *iuguttapa |
| infinitive 2 | *iukudë- | past | *iukunut | *iukudu *iuguttu |
| gerund/supine | *iukuma | |||
| action noun | *iukuminen | |||
Descendants
From *iukkadak, *iukkidak:
From *iukëldak (derived with *-ldak):
References
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “iukku”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN