Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kalja
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Possibly borrowed from an Indo-European language, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut- or *h₂al-ew-yo-.
Noun
*kalja[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *kalja
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *kalja | *kaljat | |
| accusative | *kaljan | *kaljat | |
| genitive | *kaljan | *kaljadën *kaljoidën | |
| partitive | *kaljada | *kaljoida | |
| inessive | *kaljassa *kaljahna |
*kaljoissa *kaljoihna | |
| elative | *kaljasta | *kaljoista | |
| illative | *kaljahën | *kaljoihën | |
| adessive | *kaljalla | *kaljoilla | |
| ablative | *kaljalta | *kaljoilta | |
| allative | *kaljalën *kaljalëk |
*kaljoilën *kaljoilëk | |
| essive | *kaljana | *kaljoina | |
| translative | *kaljaksi | *kaljoiksi | |
| instructive | *kaljan | *kaljoin | |
| comitative | *kaljanëk | *kaljoinëk | |
| abessive | *kaljatta | *kaljoitta | |
Descendants
- Estonian: kali
- Finnish: kalja
- Karelian: kalja
- Livonian: kaļ
- Livvi: kalju
- → Komi-Zyrian: калля (kalľa)
References
Further reading
- “kali”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012