Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kansa

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 This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Borrowed from early Proto-Germanic *hansā, later *hansō. Cognate with Proto-Samic *kuossē.

Noun

*kansa[1]

  1. people, folk
    Synonyms: *rahvas, *väki
  2. companion

Inflection

Inflection of *kansa
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *kansa *kansat
accusative *kansan *kansat
genitive *kansan *kansadën
*kansoidën
partitive *kansada *kansoida
inessive *kansassa
*kansahna 		*kansoissa
*kansoihna
elative *kansasta *kansoista
illative *kansahën *kansoihën
adessive *kansalla *kansoilla
ablative *kansalta *kansoilta
allative *kansalën
*kansalëk 		*kansoilën
*kansoilëk
essive *kansana *kansoina
translative *kansaksi *kansoiksi
instructive *kansan *kansoin
comitative *kansanëk *kansoinëk
abessive *kansatta *kansoitta

Descendants

  • Estonian: kaasa, (dialectal) kaas
  • Finnish: kansa
  • Ingrian: kansa
  • Livonian: kǭz- (in compound: kǭzgõnd (“wedding”)) (< *kansakunta)
  • Vidzeme Livonian: kāzen, kāzned
    • → Latvian: kāzas (“wedding”)
    • → Latvian: kāz (“wedding”) (kursenieki)
    • → Latgalian: kuozys (“wedding”)
  • Karelian:
    North Karelian: kansa
    South Karelian: kanza
  • Livvi: kanzu
  • Veps: kanz
  • ⇒ Votic: kaaz, kaa
  • Võro: kaasa
  • → Proto-Samic: *kāncē

References

  1. ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*kansa”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary]‎ (in Finnish)

Further reading

  • “kaasas”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
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