Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kaski
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Proposed to derive from a derivative of the Indo-European root *h₂eHs- (“to burn”) similar to Proto-Germanic *askǭ (“ashes”).
The Estonian and Votic reflexes show a shift to a meaning 'birch', for which a likely intermediate is reflected in a dialectal Finnish meaning (Southwestern and Far Northern) 'young birch, birch shoots'. These have been earlier compared with the Permic words for 'birch' (Komi кыдз (kydź), Udmurt кызьпу (kyźpu), from Proto-Uralic *kuće), but this has several phonetic difficulties.
Has also been compared to Armenian կեչի (kečʻi, “birch”).
Noun
*kaski
- swidden, slash-and-burned land
- copse, especially raised for burning
Inflection
Inflection of *kaski
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *kaski | *kaskët | |
| accusative | *kaskën | *kaskët | |
| genitive | *kaskën | *kaskëdën *kaskidën | |
| partitive | *kaskëda | *kaskida | |
| inessive | *kaskëssa *kaskëhna |
*kaskissa *kaskihna | |
| elative | *kaskësta | *kaskista | |
| illative | *kaskëhën | *kaskihën | |
| adessive | *kaskëlla | *kaskilla | |
| ablative | *kaskëlta | *kaskilta | |
| allative | *kaskëlën *kaskëlëk |
*kaskilën *kaskilëk | |
| essive | *kaskëna | *kaskina | |
| translative | *kaskëksi | *kaskiksi | |
| instructive | *kaskën | *kaskin | |
| comitative | *kaskënëk | *kaskinëk | |
| abessive | *kaskëtta | *kaskitta | |
Descendants
- Estonian: kask (“birch”)
- Finnish: kaski
- Ingrian: kaski
- Karelian: kaški
- Ludian kašk
- Veps: kask
- Votic: kahtši (“birch”)
References
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
- ^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 296