Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/katkët'ak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic + *-t'ak. Alternatively possibly derived (with the same suffix) from *kakci (“two”) (stem *kaktë-), with dissimilative metathesis from earlier **kaktët'ak.
Verb
*katkët'ak (stem *katkëda-)
Inflection
Inflection of *katkët'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *katkëdan | *katkëcin | — | *katkëtkon |
| 2nd sing. | *katkëdat | *katkëcit | *katkëdak | *katkëtkos |
| 3rd sing. | *katkëdapi *katkët |
*katkëci | *katkëtkasën | *katkëtkosën |
| 1st plur. | *katkëdakmëk *katkëdakmak |
*katkëcimëk *katkëcimak |
*katkëtkatëmëk *katkëtkatamak |
*katkëtkotëmëk *katkëtkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *katkëdaktëk *katkëdaktak |
*katkëcidëk *katkëcidak |
*katkëtkatë *katkëtkata |
*katkëtkot'ëk *katkëtkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *katkëdabat *katkët |
*katkëci | *katkëtkasën | *katkëtkosën |
| passive | *katkëdaksën *katkëdat'aksën |
*katkëttisën *katkëdattihën |
*katkëttakahën *katkëdattagasën |
*katkëttakohën *katkëdattagosën |
| connegative | *katkëdak | — | *katkëtkak | *katkëtkok |
| passive connegative | *katkëdaktak | — | *katkëttagak *katkëdattagak |
*katkëttagok *katkëdattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *katkëdakcin | *katkëcicin | *katkënnën | |
| 2nd sing. | *katkëdakcit | *katkëcicit | *katkënnët | |
| 3rd sing. | *katkëdakci | *katkëcici | *katkënni | |
| 1st plur. | *katkëdakcimëk *katkëdakcimak |
*katkëcicimëk *katkëcicimak |
*katkënnëmëk *katkënnëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *katkëdakcidëk *katkëdakcidak |
*katkëcicidëk *katkëcicidak |
*katkënnëdëk *katkënnëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *katkëdakci | *katkëcici | *katkënni | |
| passive | *katkët'akcihën *katkëdat'akcisën |
*katkëtticihën *katkëdatticisën |
*katkëttanëhën *katkëdattanësën | |
| connegative | *katkëdakcik | *katkëcicik | *katkënnëk | |
| passive connegative | *katkët'akcik *katkëdat'akcik |
*katkëtticik *katkëdatticik |
*katkëttanëk *katkëdattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *katkët'ak | present | *katkëdapa | *katkëttapa *katkëdattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *katkëttë- | past | *katkënnut | *katkëttu *katkëdattu |
| gerund/supine | *katkëdama | |||
| action noun | *katkëdaminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: katkema/katkeda
- Finnish: katketa
- Ingrian: kateta
- Karelian:
- Livonian: katkõ
- Livvi: katketa
- Ludian: katketa
- Veps: katketa
- Võro: kakkõma/kakõdaq
- Votic: kadgõtõ
Further reading
- “katkema”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “katketa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN