Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/langët'ak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Unknown, but apparently contains the suffix *-t'ak.
Verb
*langët'ak (stem *lankëda-)[1]
- to fall
Inflection
Inflection of *langët'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *lankëdan | *lankëcin | — | *langëtkon |
| 2nd sing. | *lankëdat | *lankëcit | *lankëdak | *langëtkos |
| 3rd sing. | *lankëdapi *langët |
*lankëci | *langëtkasën | *langëtkosën |
| 1st plur. | *lankëdakmëk *lankëdakmak |
*lankëcimëk *lankëcimak |
*langëtkatëmëk *langëtkatamak |
*langëtkotëmëk *langëtkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *lankëdaktëk *lankëdaktak |
*lankëcidëk *lankëcidak |
*langëtkatë *langëtkata |
*langëtkot'ëk *langëtkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *lankëdabat *langët |
*lankëci | *langëtkasën | *langëtkosën |
| passive | *lankëdaksën *lankëdat'aksën |
*langëttisën *lankëdattihën |
*langëttakahën *lankëdattagasën |
*langëttakohën *lankëdattagosën |
| connegative | *lankëdak | — | *langëtkak | *langëtkok |
| passive connegative | *lankëdaktak | — | *langëttagak *lankëdattagak |
*langëttagok *lankëdattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *lankëdakcin | *lankëcicin | *langënnën | |
| 2nd sing. | *lankëdakcit | *lankëcicit | *langënnët | |
| 3rd sing. | *lankëdakci | *lankëcici | *langënni | |
| 1st plur. | *lankëdakcimëk *lankëdakcimak |
*lankëcicimëk *lankëcicimak |
*langënnëmëk *langënnëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *lankëdakcidëk *lankëdakcidak |
*lankëcicidëk *lankëcicidak |
*langënnëdëk *langënnëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *lankëdakci | *lankëcici | *langënni | |
| passive | *langët'akcihën *lankëdat'akcisën |
*langëtticihën *lankëdatticisën |
*langëttanëhën *lankëdattanësën | |
| connegative | *lankëdakcik | *lankëcicik | *langënnëk | |
| passive connegative | *langët'akcik *lankëdat'akcik |
*langëtticik *lankëdatticik |
*langëttanëk *lankëdattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *langët'ak | present | *lankëdapa | *langëttapa *lankëdattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *langëttë- | past | *langënnut | *langëttu *lankëdattu |
| gerund/supine | *lankëdama | |||
| action noun | *lankëdaminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: langema/langeda
- Finnish: langeta
- Ingrian: langeta
- Karelian: lanketa
- Livonian: langõ
- Livvi: langeta
- Ludian: langeta
- Veps: langeta
- Votic: langõtõ
References
Further reading
- “langema”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012