Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/muistadak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Proto-Finno-Ugric *muja- (“to touch, to feel (by hand)”) + *-istadak
Verb
- to understand
- to remember
Inflection
Inflection of *muistadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *muistan | *muistëin | — | *muistagon |
| 2nd sing. | *muistat | *muistëit | *muistak | *muistagos |
| 3rd sing. | *muistabi *muista |
*muistëi | *muistagasën | *muistagosën |
| 1st plur. | *muistakmëk *muistakmak |
*muistëimëk *muistëimak |
*muistagatëmëk *muistagatamak |
*muistagotëmëk *muistagotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *muistaktëk *muistaktak |
*muistëidëk *muistëidak |
*muistagatë *muistagata |
*muistagot'ëk *muistagotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *muistabat *muista |
*muistëi | *muistagasën | *muistagosën |
| passive | *muistaksën *muistat'aksën |
*muistadisën *muistattisën |
*muistadakahën *muistattakahën |
*muistadakohën *muistattakohën |
| connegative | *muistak | — | *muistagak | *muistagok |
| passive connegative | *muistaktak | — | *muistadagak *muistattagak |
*muistadagok *muistattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *muistakcin | *muistëicin | *muistanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *muistakcit | *muistëicit | *muistanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *muistakci | *muistëici | *muistani | |
| 1st plur. | *muistakcimëk *muistakcimak |
*muistëicimëk *muistëicimak |
*muistanëmëk *muistanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *muistakcidëk *muistakcidak |
*muistëicidëk *muistëicidak |
*muistanëdëk *muistanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *muistakci | *muistëici | *muistani | |
| passive | *muistadakcihën *muistat'akcihën |
*muistadicihën *muistatticihën |
*muistadanëhën *muistattanëhën | |
| connegative | *muistakcik | *muistëicik | *muistanëk | |
| passive connegative | *muistadakcik *muistat'akcik |
*muistadicik *muistatticik |
*muistadanëk *muistattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *muistadak | present | *muistaba | *muistadapa *muistattapa |
| infinitive 2 | *muistadë- | past | *muistanut | *muistadu *muistattu |
| gerund/supine | *muistama | |||
| action noun | *muistaminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: mõistma/mõista (“to understand”)
- Finnish: muistaa (“to remember”)
- Ingrian: muistaa (“to remember”)
- Karelian:
- Livonian: mȯistõ (“to understand”)
- Livvi: mustua (“to remember”)
- Ludian: muštada (“to remember”)
- Veps: muštta (“to remember”)
- Võro: mõistma/mõistaq (“to understand”)
- Votic: mõissaa (“to understand”) (Mati)
- → Proto-Samic: *muštētēk (“to remember”) (see there for further descendants)
References
Further reading
- “mõistma”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Entry #558 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.