Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/nakradak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Unknown.
Verb
- to laugh
Inflection
Inflection of *nakradak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *nakran | *nakroin | — | *nakragon |
| 2nd sing. | *nakrat | *nakroit | *nakrak | *nakragos |
| 3rd sing. | *nakrabi *nakra |
*nakroi | *nakragasën | *nakragosën |
| 1st plur. | *nakrakmëk *nakrakmak |
*nakroimëk *nakroimak |
*nakragatëmëk *nakragatamak |
*nakragotëmëk *nakragotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *nakraktëk *nakraktak |
*nakroidëk *nakroidak |
*nakragatë *nakragata |
*nakragot'ëk *nakragotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *nakrabat *nakra |
*nakroi | *nakragasën | *nakragosën |
| passive | *nakraksën *nakrat'aksën |
*nakradisën *nakrattisën |
*nakradakahën *nakrattakahën |
*nakradakohën *nakrattakohën |
| connegative | *nakrak | — | *nakragak | *nakragok |
| passive connegative | *nakraktak | — | *nakradagak *nakrattagak |
*nakradagok *nakrattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *nakrakcin | *nakroicin | *nakranën | |
| 2nd sing. | *nakrakcit | *nakroicit | *nakranët | |
| 3rd sing. | *nakrakci | *nakroici | *nakrani | |
| 1st plur. | *nakrakcimëk *nakrakcimak |
*nakroicimëk *nakroicimak |
*nakranëmëk *nakranëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *nakrakcidëk *nakrakcidak |
*nakroicidëk *nakroicidak |
*nakranëdëk *nakranëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *nakrakci | *nakroici | *nakrani | |
| passive | *nakradakcihën *nakrat'akcihën |
*nakradicihën *nakratticihën |
*nakradanëhën *nakrattanëhën | |
| connegative | *nakrakcik | *nakroicik | *nakranëk | |
| passive connegative | *nakradakcik *nakrat'akcik |
*nakradicik *nakratticik |
*nakradanëk *nakrattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *nakradak | present | *nakraba | *nakradapa *nakrattapa |
| infinitive 2 | *nakradë- | past | *nakranut | *nakradu *nakrattu |
| gerund/supine | *nakrama | |||
| action noun | *nakraminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: naerma/naerda
- Finnish: nauraa
- → Northern Sami: návrruhit
- Ingrian: nagraa
- Karelian:
- Livonian: nagrõ
- Livvi: nagrua
- Ludian: nagrada
- Veps: nagrda
- Võro: naardma/naardaq, naarma/naardaq
- Votic: nagra