Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/tëmbait'ak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Borrowed from Proto-Baltic (whence Latvian tiept and Lithuanian tempti), adapted with *-ait'ak.
Verb
*tëmbait'ak (stem *tëmpaida-)[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *tëmbait'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *tëmpaidan | *tëmpaicin | — | *tëmbaitkon |
| 2nd sing. | *tëmpaidat | *tëmpaicit | *tëmpaidak | *tëmbaitkos |
| 3rd sing. | *tëmpaidapi *tëmbait |
*tëmpaici | *tëmbaitkasën | *tëmbaitkosën |
| 1st plur. | *tëmpaidakmëk *tëmpaidakmak |
*tëmpaicimëk *tëmpaicimak |
*tëmbaitkatëmëk *tëmbaitkatamak |
*tëmbaitkotëmëk *tëmbaitkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *tëmpaidaktëk *tëmpaidaktak |
*tëmpaicidëk *tëmpaicidak |
*tëmbaitkatë *tëmbaitkata |
*tëmbaitkot'ëk *tëmbaitkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *tëmpaidabat *tëmbait |
*tëmpaici | *tëmbaitkasën | *tëmbaitkosën |
| passive | *tëmpaidaksën *tëmpaidat'aksën |
*tëmbaittisën *tëmpaidattihën |
*tëmbaittakahën *tëmpaidattagasën |
*tëmbaittakohën *tëmpaidattagosën |
| connegative | *tëmpaidak | — | *tëmbaitkak | *tëmbaitkok |
| passive connegative | *tëmpaidaktak | — | *tëmbaittagak *tëmpaidattagak |
*tëmbaittagok *tëmpaidattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *tëmpaidakcin | *tëmpaicicin | *tëmbainnën | |
| 2nd sing. | *tëmpaidakcit | *tëmpaicicit | *tëmbainnët | |
| 3rd sing. | *tëmpaidakci | *tëmpaicici | *tëmbainni | |
| 1st plur. | *tëmpaidakcimëk *tëmpaidakcimak |
*tëmpaicicimëk *tëmpaicicimak |
*tëmbainnëmëk *tëmbainnëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *tëmpaidakcidëk *tëmpaidakcidak |
*tëmpaicicidëk *tëmpaicicidak |
*tëmbainnëdëk *tëmbainnëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *tëmpaidakci | *tëmpaicici | *tëmbainni | |
| passive | *tëmbait'akcihën *tëmpaidat'akcisën |
*tëmbaitticihën *tëmpaidatticisën |
*tëmbaittanëhën *tëmpaidattanësën | |
| connegative | *tëmpaidakcik | *tëmpaicicik | *tëmbainnëk | |
| passive connegative | *tëmbait'akcik *tëmpaidat'akcik |
*tëmbaitticik *tëmpaidatticik |
*tëmbaittanëk *tëmpaidattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *tëmbait'ak | present | *tëmpaidapa | *tëmbaittapa *tëmpaidattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *tëmbaittë- | past | *tëmbainnut | *tëmbaittu *tëmpaidattu |
| gerund/supine | *tëmpaidama | |||
| action noun | *tëmpaidaminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: tõmbama/tõmmata
- Finnish: temmata
- Ingrian: temmata
- Karelian: temmata
- Livonian: tõmbõ
- Livvi: temmata
- Ludian: tembaita
- Veps: tembaita
- Võro: tymbama/tymmadaq
- Votic: tõmmõtõ
References
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*tëmpaida-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary] (in Finnish)
Further reading
- “tõmbama”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012