Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/tërvat'ak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Verb
*tërvat'ak (stem *tërvada-)
- to tar (to coat with tar)
Inflection
Inflection of *tërvat'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *tërvadan | *tërvacin | — | *tërvatkon |
| 2nd sing. | *tërvadat | *tërvacit | *tërvadak | *tërvatkos |
| 3rd sing. | *tërvadapi *tërvat |
*tërvaci | *tërvatkasën | *tërvatkosën |
| 1st plur. | *tërvadakmëk *tërvadakmak |
*tërvacimëk *tërvacimak |
*tërvatkatëmëk *tërvatkatamak |
*tërvatkotëmëk *tërvatkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *tërvadaktëk *tërvadaktak |
*tërvacidëk *tërvacidak |
*tërvatkatë *tërvatkata |
*tërvatkot'ëk *tërvatkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *tërvadabat *tërvat |
*tërvaci | *tërvatkasën | *tërvatkosën |
| passive | *tërvadaksën *tërvadat'aksën |
*tërvattisën *tërvadattihën |
*tërvattakahën *tërvadattagasën |
*tërvattakohën *tërvadattagosën |
| connegative | *tërvadak | — | *tërvatkak | *tërvatkok |
| passive connegative | *tërvadaktak | — | *tërvattagak *tërvadattagak |
*tërvattagok *tërvadattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *tërvadakcin | *tërvacicin | *tërvannën | |
| 2nd sing. | *tërvadakcit | *tërvacicit | *tërvannët | |
| 3rd sing. | *tërvadakci | *tërvacici | *tërvanni | |
| 1st plur. | *tërvadakcimëk *tërvadakcimak |
*tërvacicimëk *tërvacicimak |
*tërvannëmëk *tërvannëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *tërvadakcidëk *tërvadakcidak |
*tërvacicidëk *tërvacicidak |
*tërvannëdëk *tërvannëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *tërvadakci | *tërvacici | *tërvanni | |
| passive | *tërvat'akcihën *tërvadat'akcisën |
*tërvatticihën *tërvadatticisën |
*tërvattanëhën *tërvadattanësën | |
| connegative | *tërvadakcik | *tërvacicik | *tërvannëk | |
| passive connegative | *tërvat'akcik *tërvadat'akcik |
*tërvatticik *tërvadatticik |
*tërvattanëk *tërvadattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *tërvat'ak | present | *tërvadapa | *tërvattapa *tërvadattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *tërvattë- | past | *tërvannut | *tërvattu *tërvadattu |
| gerund/supine | *tërvadama | |||
| action noun | *tërvadaminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: tõrvama/tõrvata
- Finnish: tervata
- Ingrian: tervata
- Karelian:
- Livonian: tȭratõ
- Livvi: tervata
- Ludian: tervata
- Veps: tervata
- Võro: tõrvama/tõrvadaq
- Votic: tõrvõtõ
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “terva”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN