Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/tarbis
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Alternative forms
Etymology
Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *þarbiz (see *þarbō). Alternatively, more directly from *þarbō, in which case the final *-is may be a case of making the Germanic loanword fit an established pattern (compare *kaunis, *tiüris). Replacing *-is with *-ëh in *tarbëh is a case of nativization.
Adverb
Noun
Inflection
Inflection of *tarbis
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *tarbis | *tarpihët | |
| accusative | *tarpihën | *tarpihët | |
| genitive | *tarpihën | *tarbistën *tarpihidën | |
| partitive | *tarbista | *tarpihita | |
| inessive | *tarpihëssa *tarpihëhna |
*tarpihissa *tarpihihna | |
| elative | *tarpihësta | *tarpihista | |
| illative | *tarpihësën | *tarpihisën | |
| adessive | *tarpihëlla | *tarpihilla | |
| ablative | *tarpihëlta | *tarpihilta | |
| allative | *tarpihëlën *tarpihëlëk |
*tarpihilën *tarpihilëk | |
| essive | *tarbissa | *tarpihina | |
| translative | *tarpihëksi | *tarpihiksi | |
| instructive | *tarpihën | *tarpihin | |
| comitative | *tarbissëk | *tarpihinëk | |
| abessive | *tarpihëtta | *tarpihitta | |
Descendants
From *tarbis:
- Estonian: tarvis
- Finnish: tarvis
- Ingrian: tarvis
- Karelian: tarvis
- Livonian: tärb
- Livvi: tarvis
- Ludian: tarbiž
- Veps: tarbiž
- Võro: tarbis
- Votic: tarviz
From *tarbëh (with *-ëh, only as a noun):
References
Further reading
- “tarvis”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “tarve”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN