Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/voit'ëldak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From *voittadak + *-(ë)ldak.
Verb
*voit'ëldak (stem *voittëlë-)
Inflection
Inflection of *voit'ëldak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *voittëlën | *voittëlin | — | *voit'ëlgon |
| 2nd sing. | *voittëlët | *voittëlit | *voittëlëk | *voit'ëlgos |
| 3rd sing. | *voittëlëpi *voit'ël |
*voittëli | *voit'ëlkasën | *voit'ëlkosën |
| 1st plur. | *voittëlëkmëk *voittëlëkmak |
*voittëlimëk *voittëlimak |
*voit'ëlkatëmëk *voit'ëlkatamak |
*voit'ëlkotëmëk *voit'ëlkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *voittëlëktëk *voittëlëktak |
*voittëlidëk *voittëlidak |
*voit'ëlkatë *voit'ëlkata |
*voit'ëlgot'ëk *voit'ëlkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *voittëlëbat *voit'ël |
*voittëli | *voit'ëlkasën | *voit'ëlkosën |
| passive | *voittëlëksën *voittëlët'aksën |
*voit'ëltisën *voittëlëttihën |
*voit'ëltakahën *voittëlëttagasën |
*voit'ëltakohën *voittëlëttagosën |
| connegative | *voittëlëk | — | *voit'ëlgak | *voit'ëlgok |
| passive connegative | *voittëlëktak | — | *voit'ëltagak *voittëlëttagak |
*voit'ëltagok *voittëlëttagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *voittëlëkcin | *voittëlicin | *voit'ëllën | |
| 2nd sing. | *voittëlëkcit | *voittëlicit | *voit'ëllët | |
| 3rd sing. | *voittëlëkci | *voittëlici | *voit'ëlli | |
| 1st plur. | *voittëlëkcimëk *voittëlëkcimak |
*voittëlicimëk *voittëlicimak |
*voit'ëllëmëk *voit'ëllëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *voittëlëkcidëk *voittëlëkcidak |
*voittëlicidëk *voittëlicidak |
*voit'ëllëdëk *voit'ëllëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *voittëlëkci | *voittëlici | *voit'ëlli | |
| passive | *voit'ëldakcihën *voittëlët'akcisën |
*voit'ëlticihën *voittëlëtticisën |
*voit'ëltanëhën *voittëlëttanësën | |
| connegative | *voittëlëkcik | *voittëlicik | *voit'ëllëk | |
| passive connegative | *voit'ëldakcik *voittëlët'akcik |
*voit'ëlticik *voittëlëtticik |
*voit'ëltanëk *voittëlëttanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *voit'ëldak | present | *voittëlëpa | *voit'ëltapa *voittëlëttaba |
| infinitive 2 | *voit'ëltë- | past | *voit'ëllut | *voit'ëltu *voittëlëttu |
| gerund/supine | *voittëlëma | |||
| action noun | *voittëlëminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: võitlema/võidelda
- Finnish: (dialectal) voitella
- Ingrian: voitella
- Karelian:
- Livonian: võitlõ
- Livvi: voitella
- Võro: võitlõma/võidõldaq
- Votic: võitõllõ
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “voittaa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN