Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-gaz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *-kos, *-ḱos. Cognates include Latin -cus, Ancient Greek -κός (-kós), Sanskrit -शस (-śasa), -कस (-kasa) and Old Church Slavonic -ъкъ (-ŭkŭ).
Pronunciation
Adjective
*-gaz
- -y; forms adjectives from nouns and verbs with a sense of 'being, having, or doing'.
Inflection
Declension of *-gaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *-gaz | *-gai | *-gō | *-gôz | *-gą, -atō | *-gō |
| Accusative | *-ganǭ | *-ganz | *-gǭ | *-gōz | *-gą, -atō | *-gō |
| Genitive | *-gas, -is | *-gaizǫ̂ | *-gaizōz | *-gaizǫ̂ | *-gas, -is | *-gaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *-gammai | *-gaimaz | *-gaizōi | *-gaimaz | *-gammai | *-gaimaz |
| Instrumental | *-ganō | *-gaimiz | *-gaizō | *-gaimiz | *-ganō | *-gaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *-gô | *-ganiz | *-gǭ | *-gōniz | *-gô | *-gōnō |
| Accusative | *-ganų | *-ganunz | *-gōnų | *-gōnunz | *-gô | *-gōnō |
| Genitive | *-giniz | *-ganǫ̂ | *-gōniz | *-gōnǫ̂ | *-giniz | *-ganǫ̂ |
| Dative | *-gini | *-gammaz | *-gōni | *-gōmaz | *-gini | *-gammaz |
| Instrumental | *-ginē | *-gammiz | *-gōnē | *-gōmiz | *-ginē | *-gammiz |
Usage notes
This suffix is attached to the full stem of the preceding word, creating the variants *-agaz (for a-stems), *-īgaz or *-igaz (for i-stems), *-ugaz (for u-stems) and so on.