Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
Alternative forms
Suffix
*-kos
- Creates deadjectival and desubstantival adjectives denoting the characteristic of, typical of, pertaining to.
Inflection
| Thematic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *-kos | *-keh₂ | |
| genitive | *-kosyo | *-keh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *-kos | *-koh₁ | *-koes |
| vocative | *-ke | *-koh₁ | *-koes |
| accusative | *-kom | *-koh₁ | *-koms |
| genitive | *-kosyo | *? | *-koHom |
| ablative | *-kead | *? | *-komos, *-kobʰos |
| dative | *-koey | *? | *-komos, *-kobʰos |
| locative | *-key, *-koy | *? | *-koysu |
| instrumental | *-koh₁ | *? | *-kōys |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *-keh₂ | *-keh₂h₁(e) | *-keh₂es |
| vocative | *-keh₂ | *-keh₂h₁(e) | *-keh₂es |
| accusative | *-kām | *-keh₂h₁(e) | *-keh₂m̥s |
| genitive | *-keh₂s | *? | *-keh₂oHom |
| ablative | *-keh₂s | *? | *-keh₂mos, *-keh₂bʰos |
| dative | *-keh₂ey | *? | *-keh₂mos, *-keh₂bʰos |
| locative | *-keh₂, *-keh₂i | *? | *-keh₂su |
| instrumental | *-keh₂h₁ | *? | *-keh₂mis, *-keh₂bʰis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *-kom | *-koy(h₁) | *-keh₂ |
| vocative | *-kom | *-koy(h₁) | *-keh₂ |
| accusative | *-kom | *-koy(h₁) | *-keh₂ |
| genitive | *-kosyo | *? | *-koHom |
| ablative | *-kead | *? | *-komos, *-kobʰos |
| dative | *-koey | *? | *-komos, *-kobʰos |
| locative | *-key, *-koy | *? | *-koysu |
| instrumental | *-koh₁ | *? | *-kōys |
Descendants
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-kas
- Proto-Celtic: *-kos
- ⇒ Proto-Celtic: *-ākos
- Proto-Germanic: *-gaz (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *-kos
- Ancient Greek: -κός (-kós)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-kas (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *-kos
Derived terms
Category Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-kos not found
- *-ikos
- *-keh₂
Unsorted formations: