Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fastijaną

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 This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *fastuz (“fixed, firm”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɸɑs.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*fastijaną

  1. to fasten

Inflection

Conjugation of *fastijaną (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *fastijō *fastijaų — *fastijai ?
2nd singular *fastīsi *fastijais *fastī *fastijasai *fastijaisau
3rd singular *fastīþi *fastijai *fastijaþau *fastijaþai *fastijaiþau
1st dual *fastijōs *fastijaiw — — —
2nd dual *fastijaþiz *fastijaiþiz *fastijaþiz — —
1st plural *fastijamaz *fastijaim — *fastijanþai *fastijainþau
2nd plural *fastīþ *fastijaiþ *fastīþ *fastijanþai *fastijainþau
3rd plural *fastijanþi *fastijain *fastijanþau *fastijanþai *fastijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *fastidǭ *fastidēdį̄
2nd singular *fastidēz *fastidēdīz
3rd singular *fastidē *fastidēdī
1st dual *fastidēdū *fastidēdīw
2nd dual *fastidēdudiz *fastidēdīdiz
1st plural *fastidēdum *fastidēdīm
2nd plural *fastidēdud *fastidēdīd
3rd plural *fastidēdun *fastidēdīn
present past
participles *fastijandz *fastidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *fastijan
    • Old English: fæstan
      • English: fast
    • Old Frisian: festa
    • Old Saxon: festian
    • Old Dutch: festen
    • Old High German: festen
  • Old Norse: festa
    • Icelandic: festa
    • Faroese: festa
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: festa (“to fasten”)
    • Swedish: fästa
    • Danish: fæste
      • Norwegian Bokmål: feste (“to fasten, to copyhold”)
      • → Norwegian Nynorsk: festa (“to copyhold”)

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*fastjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 95
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