Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fradrībaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *fra- +‎ *drībaną.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˌɸrɑ.ˈdriː.βɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*fradrībaną

to drive away, drive out, expel

Inflection

Conjugation of *fradrībaną (strong class 1)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*fradrībō	*fradrībaų	—	*fradrībai	?
2nd singular	*fradrībizi	*fradrībaiz	*fradrīb	*fradrībazai	*fradrībaizau
3rd singular	*fradrībidi	*fradrībai	*fradrībadau	*fradrībadai	*fradrībaidau
1st dual	*fradrībōz	*fradrībaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*fradrībadiz	*fradrībaidiz	*fradrībadiz	—	—
1st plural	*fradrībamaz	*fradrībaim	—	*fradrībandai	*fradrībaindau
2nd plural	*fradrībid	*fradrībaid	*fradrībid	*fradrībandai	*fradrībaindau
3rd plural	*fradrībandi	*fradrībain	*fradrībandau	*fradrībandai	*fradrībaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*fradraib	*fradribį̄
2nd singular	*fradraift	*fradribīz
3rd singular	*fradraib	*fradribī
1st dual	*fradribū	*fradribīw
2nd dual	*fradribudiz	*fradribīdiz
1st plural	*fradribum	*fradribīm
2nd plural	*fradribud	*fradribīd
3rd plural	*fradribun	*fradribīn

	present	past
participles	*fradrībandz	*fradribanaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *fradrīban
- Old English: fordrīfan
  - Middle English: fordriven
    - English: fordrive
- Old Frisian: fordrīva
  - Saterland Frisian: ferdrieuwe
  - West Frisian: ferdriuwe
- Old Saxon: fardrīvan
  - Middle Low German: vordriven
    - German Low German: verdrieven
    - Dutch Low Saxon: verdrieven
    - → Old Danish: fordriffue
      - → Danish: fordrive
    - → Old Swedish: fordriva
      - Swedish: fördriva
        → Elfdalian: fedraiva
    - → Norwegian:
      - Norwegian Bokmål: fordrive
      - Norwegian Nynorsk: fordriva, fordrive
- Old Dutch: fardrīvan
  - Middle Dutch: verdriven
    - Dutch: verdrijven
      - Afrikaans: verdryf
    - Limburgish: verdrieve
- Old High German: firtrīban
  - Middle High German: vertrīben
    - German: vertreiben
    - Alemannic German: vertriibe
Old Norse: fordrífa^[1]^[2]

References

^ “fordrive” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
^ “fordriva” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

[1] “fordrive” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

[2] “fordriva” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

[1]

[2]