Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gernaz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰerH-no-s, from *ǵʰerH- (“to yearn for, rejoice”). Cognate with Ancient Greek χαίρω (khaírō, “to be very glad”), Latin horior (“to encourage”), Sanskrit हर्यति (háryati, “to enjoy, like”).[1]
Pronunciation
Adjective
*gernaz (adverb *gernô)
Inflection
Declension of *gernaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *gernaz | *gernai | *gernō | *gernôz | *gerną, -atō | *gernō |
| Accusative | *gernanǭ | *gernanz | *gernǭ | *gernōz | *gerną, -atō | *gernō |
| Genitive | *gernas, -is | *gernaizǫ̂ | *gernaizōz | *gernaizǫ̂ | *gernas, -is | *gernaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *gernammai | *gernaimaz | *gernaizōi | *gernaimaz | *gernammai | *gernaimaz |
| Instrumental | *gernanō | *gernaimiz | *gernaizō | *gernaimiz | *gernanō | *gernaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *gernô | *gernaniz | *gernǭ | *gernōniz | *gernô | *gernōnō |
| Accusative | *gernanų | *gernanunz | *gernōnų | *gernōnunz | *gernô | *gernōnō |
| Genitive | *gerniniz | *gernanǫ̂ | *gernōniz | *gernōnǫ̂ | *gerniniz | *gernanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *gernini | *gernammaz | *gernōni | *gernōmaz | *gernini | *gernammaz |
| Instrumental | *gerninē | *gernammiz | *gernōnē | *gernōmiz | *gerninē | *gernammiz |
Derived terms
- *gernô
- *girnijaną
- *girnį̄
- *-gernaz (“eager for”)
- *fehugernaz (“eager for money”)
- *Friþugernaz (male given name, literally “eager for peace”)
- *lubagernaz (“eager for glory”)
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *gern
- Old Norse: gjarn
- >? Gothic: *𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐍃 (*gairns)
- → Proto-Finnic: *kërnas (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*gerna-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 175