Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrindaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kret- (“to beat, strike, hit”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxrin.dɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hrindaną^[1]

to push, thrust

Inflection

Conjugation of *hrindaną (strong class 3)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*hrindō	*hrindaų	—	*hrindai	?
2nd singular	*hrindizi	*hrindaiz	*hrind	*hrindazai	*hrindaizau
3rd singular	*hrindidi	*hrindai	*hrindadau	*hrindadai	*hrindaidau
1st dual	*hrindōz	*hrindaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hrindadiz	*hrindaidiz	*hrindadiz	—	—
1st plural	*hrindamaz	*hrindaim	—	*hrindandai	*hrindaindau
2nd plural	*hrindid	*hrindaid	*hrindid	*hrindandai	*hrindaindau
3rd plural	*hrindandi	*hrindain	*hrindandau	*hrindandai	*hrindaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hrand	*hrundį̄
2nd singular	*hranst	*hrundīz
3rd singular	*hrand	*hrundī
1st dual	*hrundū	*hrundīw
2nd dual	*hrundudiz	*hrundīdiz
1st plural	*hrundum	*hrundīm
2nd plural	*hrundud	*hrundīd
3rd plural	*hrundun	*hrundīn

	present	past
participles	*hrindandz	*hrundanaz

Derived terms

*hrandijaną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *hrindan
- Old English: hrindan
Old Norse: hrinda
- Icelandic: hrinda
- Faroese: rinda
- Old Swedish: rinda

References

^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*xrenđanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 185

[1] Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*xrenđanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 185

[1]

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrindaną

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