Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/knīpaną

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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵneybʰ- (to pinch). The root final -p was adopted from or influenced by the iterative *knippōną (to pinch, cut, snap); see there for more.[1]

Likely related to *hnīpaną (to pinch, squeeze), but it's unclear how the variation of the initial consonant arose.

Verb

*knīpaną[1][2]

  1. to pinch

Inflection

Conjugation of *knīpaną (strong class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *knīpō *knīpaų *knīpai ?
2nd singular *knīpizi *knīpaiz *knīp *knīpazai *knīpaizau
3rd singular *knīpidi *knīpai *knīpadau *knīpadai *knīpaidau
1st dual *knīpōz *knīpaiw
2nd dual *knīpadiz *knīpaidiz *knīpadiz
1st plural *knīpamaz *knīpaim *knīpandai *knīpaindau
2nd plural *knīpid *knīpaid *knīpid *knīpandai *knīpaindau
3rd plural *knīpandi *knīpain *knīpandau *knīpandai *knīpaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *knaip *knipį̄
2nd singular *knaift *knipīz
3rd singular *knaip *knipī
1st dual *knipū *knipīw
2nd dual *knipudiz *knipīdiz
1st plural *knipum *knipīm
2nd plural *knipud *knipīd
3rd plural *knipun *knipīn
present past
participles *knīpandz *knipanaz

Descendants

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*knīpan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 297
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*knīpanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 218