Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/laikaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

A nominal derivative of *laikaną (“to jump, play”).^[1]

Noun

*laikaz m^[1]

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *laikaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*laikaz	laikōz, laikōs
vocative	*laik	laikōz, laikōs
accusative	*laiką	*laikanz
genitive	laikas, laikis	*laikǫ̂
dative	*laikai	*laikamaz
instrumental	*laikō	*laikamiz

Alternative forms

*laikiz

Related terms

*laikaną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *laik
- Old English: lāc n or f
  - Middle English: lake, lak, lac
    - English: lake
- Old High German: leih
  - Middle High German: leich
    - German: Laich (“spawn”)
    - → German: Leich ("song", learned borrowing)
- → Old French: lai
  - French: lai
  - → Middle English: lay
    - English: lay
Proto-Norse: *ᛚᚨᛁᚲᚨᛉ (*laikaʀ)
- ⇒ Proto-Norse: ᚺᚨᛞᚢᛚᚨᛁᚲᚨᛉ (hadulaikaʀ, male given name)
- Old Norse: leikr
  - Icelandic: leikur
  - Faroese: leikur
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: leik
    - → Norwegian Bokmål: leik
  - Danish: leg
    - Norwegian Bokmål: lek
  - Old Swedish: leker
    - Swedish: lek
    - → Finnish: leikki
Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃 (laiks)
→ Proto-Slavic: *likъ (see there for further descendants)
→ Proto-Finnic: *laikka (see there for further descendants)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*laikaz ~ *laikiz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 233

[HGE-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*laikaz ~ *laikiz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 233

[1]