Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mōtaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

A preterite-present derived from a secondary perfect of *mḗd-e-ti (“to measure, ensure compliance, take care of”): *me-mṓd-e (literally “to have measured, taken care of”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmɔː.tɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*mōtaną

1. to be allowed, to be permitted to, may

Inflection

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *mōtan
  • Old English: mōtan
    • Middle English: moten
      • Scots: mote, mot, moit
      • English: mote
    • ⇒ Old English: mōste (preterite)
      • Middle English: moste
        • Scots: moste, most, moist
        • English: must
  • Old Frisian: mōt (present tense)
    • Saterland Frisian: moute
    • West Frisian: moatte
  • Old Saxon: mōtan
    • Middle Low German: môten, moste (past)
      • German Low German: möten
      • → Old Swedish: most (late)
        • Swedish: måste
  • Old Dutch: muotan
    • Middle Dutch: moeten
      • Dutch: moeten
        • Afrikaans: moet
        • Berbice Creole Dutch: mu, muti
        • Negerhollands: moet, moe, mo, mut
        • → Sranan Tongo: moe
      • Limburgish: mótte
  • Old High German: muozan
    • Middle High German: muozen, müezen
      • Alemannic German: müese, müesse
      • Bavarian: miassn

        Cimbrian: missan

      • Central Franconian: mösse, mosse, moße; misse, mieße, muße, moße
        • Hunsrik: misse
        • Luxembourgish: mussen
      • German: müssen
      • Rhine Franconian:

        Pennsylvania German: misse

      • Yiddish: מוזן (muzn)
• ⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐍉𐍄𐌰𐌽 (gamōtan)

References