Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mildijaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to beat, pound, grind, mill”). Cognate with Latin mollis (“soft, gentle”), as well as perhaps Sanskrit म्लात (mlātá, “soft”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈmil.di.jɑz/

Adjective

*mildijaz

mild, soft, tender

Inflection

Declension of *mildijaz (ja-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*mildijaz	*mildijō	mildiją, -at(ō)	*mildijai	*mildijôz	*mildijō
accusative	*mildijanǭ	*mildijǭ	mildiją, -at(ō)	*mildijanz	*mildijōz	*mildijō
genitive	mildijas, mildīs	*mildijaizōz	mildijas, mildīs	*mildijaizǫ̂	*mildijaizǫ̂	*mildijaizǫ̂
dative	*mildijammai	*mildijaizōi	*mildijammai	*mildijaimaz	*mildijaimaz	*mildijaimaz
instrumental	*mildijanō	*mildijaizō	*mildijanō	*mildijaimiz	*mildijaimiz	*mildijaimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*mildijô	*mildijǭ	*mildijô	*mildijaniz	*mildijōniz	*mildijōnō
accusative	*mildijanų	*mildijōnų	*mildijô	*mildijanunz	*mildijōnunz	*mildijōnō
genitive	*mildīniz	*mildijōniz	*mildīniz	*mildijanǫ̂	*mildijōnǫ̂	*mildijanǫ̂
dative	*mildīni	*mildijōni	*mildīni	*mildijammaz	*mildijōmaz	*mildijammaz
instrumental	*mildīnē	*mildijōnē	*mildīnē	*mildijammiz	*mildijōmiz	*mildijammiz

Derived terms

*mildiþō

Descendants

Old English: milde
- Middle English: milde
  - Scots: mild, myld
  - English: mild
Old Frisian: milde
- Saterland Frisian: milde, mild
- West Frisian: myld
Old Saxon: mildi
- Middle Low German: milde
  - Low German: milde
Old Dutch: mildi
- Middle Dutch: milde
  - Dutch: mild
    - Afrikaans: mild
Old High German: milti
- Middle High German: milte, milde
  - German: milde, mild
  - Luxembourgish: mëll
  - Vilamovian: myłd
Old Norse: mildr
- Icelandic: mildur
- Norwegian: mild
- Old Swedish: milder
  - Swedish: mild
- Old Danish:
  - Danish: mild
⇒ Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 (friaþwamildeis), 𐌿𐌽𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 (unmildeis)

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*melda-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 362-3

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*melda-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 362-3