Seemingly the past participle of a verb *eupaną, *ūpaną, though no other evidence of such a verb exists. Related to *upp (“up”) and thus originally meaning "lying on top" > "clear, open".[1]
*upanaz
Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | *upanaz | *upanai | *upanō | *upanôz | *upaną, -atō | *upanō |
Accusative | *upananǭ | *upananz | *upanǭ | *upanōz | *upaną, -atō | *upanō |
Genitive | *upanas, -is | *upanaizǫ̂ | *upanaizōz | *upanaizǫ̂ | *upanas, -is | *upanaizǫ̂ |
Dative | *upanammai | *upanaimaz | *upanaizōi | *upanaimaz | *upanammai | *upanaimaz |
Instrumental | *upananō | *upanaimiz | *upanaizō | *upanaimiz | *upananō | *upanaimiz |
Weak declension | ||||||
Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | *upanô | *upananiz | *upanǭ | *upanōniz | *upanô | *upanōnō |
Accusative | *upananų | *upananunz | *upanōnų | *upanōnunz | *upanô | *upanōnō |
Genitive | *upaniniz | *upananǫ̂ | *upanōniz | *upanōnǫ̂ | *upaniniz | *upananǫ̂ |
Dative | *upanini | *upanammaz | *upanōni | *upanōmaz | *upanini | *upanammaz |
Instrumental | *upaninē | *upanammiz | *upanōnē | *upanōmiz | *upaninē | *upanammiz |