Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wēpną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Possibly cognate with Tocharian B yepe (knife). If so, both may derive from a Proto-Indo-European form such as *wēbnom or *wēben.

*wēpną n

1. weapon

• *wēpnijaną
• *wēpnōną

• Proto-West Germanic: *wāpn
  • Old English: wǣpn, wǣpen
    • Middle English: wæpenn, wepen
      • English: weapon
      • Scots: weipen, weapoun, weapon
  • Old Frisian: *wāpin, wēpin
    • Saterland Frisian: Woapen
    • West Frisian: wapen
  • Old Saxon: wāpan
    • Middle Low German: wāpen
      • German Low German: Wapen, Wopen
      • → Middle High German: wāpen
        • German: Wappen
  • Old Dutch: wāpan
    • Middle Dutch: wapen
      • Dutch: wapen
  • Old High German: wāfan
    • Middle High German: wāfen, wapen
      • Alemannic German: Waaffe
      • German: Waffe
        • → German Low German: Waffe
      • Yiddish: וואָפֿן (vofn)
• Old Norse: vápn
  • Icelandic: vopn, vokn
  • Faroese: vápn, vákn
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: våpn, våpen, ⇒ våknhus, våkenhus
  • Elfdalian: wapen, waken-
  • Old Swedish: vapn, vakn
    • Swedish: vapen, vaken-, vång-
    • → Finnish: vaakuna
  • Old Danish: wāpn, wākn
    • Scanian: vaben
    • Danish: våben
      • Norwegian Bokmål: våpen
  • Old Gutnish: vapn
    • Gutnish: vapen
  • → Middle English: wapen, wopen
    • Scots: wapyn, wappen
• Gothic: 𐍅𐌴𐍀𐌽 (wēpn)