Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/warzaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wers- (“to protrude; peak, excrescence”). Cognate with Latin verruca (“wart; hillock”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈwɑr.zɑz/

Noun

*warzaz m^[1]

callus

Declension

masculine a-stemDeclension of *warzaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*warzaz	warzōz, warzōs
vocative	*warz	warzōz, warzōs
accusative	*warzą	*warzanz
genitive	warzas, warzis	*warzǫ̂
dative	*warzai	*warzamaz
instrumental	*warzō	*warzamiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *warʀ, *wars
- Old English: wearr, wear
  - Middle English: warre, werre, werr
    - English: war (dialectal)
      - ⇒ English: warrabee, warble (dialectal)
    - ⇒ English: weerock
    - Scots: war, waur, wer
    - ⇒ Early Scots: wyrok
      - Scots: wirrok, werrock, warrack, warrach, warroch
- ⇒ Old Frisian: wersene, wirsene f (< *warsīnu, *warsīnā)
- Old Dutch: *warr
  - Middle Dutch: warre, weer, wier
    - Dutch: war, weer, wier, weure, weur
      - ⇒ Dutch: weerooghe (obsolete)
    - West Flemish: warre
Old Norse:
- Elfdalian: weer

References

^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*warza-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 575

[Kroonen-1] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*warza-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 575

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Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/warzaz

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