Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)gʷes-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

*(s)gʷes-

1. to be extinguished

• *(s)gʷesh₂-

• *(s)gʷés-ye-ti (ye-present)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰásyati
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́ásyati
      • Sanskrit: जस्यति (jásyati, “to be exhausted”)
• *(s)gʷés-t ~ *(s)gʷₑs-ént (athematic root aorist)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: σβέσαι (sbésai), σβέσσαι (sbéssai)
      • ⇒ Ancient Greek: σβέννυμι (sbénnumi, “to quench, extinguish”)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háǰast
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan:
      • Sanskrit: दसत् (dasat, “to be languished”, 3sg.aor.inj.) (thematicised)
  • Proto-Tocharian: *käs- (“to extinguish”) (see there for further descendants)
• *(s)gʷos-éye-ti (eye-causative)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰāsáyati
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́āsáyati
      • Sanskrit: जासयति (jāsayati, “to exhaust”)
• *(s)gʷṓs-ye-ti (lengthened causative)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gōsīˀtei
    • Latgalian: dzēst
    • Latvian: dzēst
    • Lithuanian: gesýti
    • Proto-Slavic: *gasiti (“to extinguish”) (see there for further descendants)
• *(s)gʷés-ti-s ~ *(s)gʷs-téys
  • Proto-Germanic: *kwistiz (“damage, destruction”) (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted formations

• Balto-Slavic:
  • Latvian: dzist (“to be extinguished”)
  • Lithuanian: gesti (“to be extinguished”)
• Proto-Celtic: *bāstom (“death”) (or from *gʷeh₂- (“to go”))
  • Middle Irish: bás
    • Irish: bás
    • Manx: baase
    • Scottish Gaelic: bàs