Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₁ti
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
Suffix
*(Ø)-éh₁ti (oblique stem *(Ø)-h₁-?)
- Creates inchoative (or fientive) verbs from perfective roots.
- Creates inchoative (or fientive) verbs from nominals.
Inflection
With e-grade throughout:
| Imperfective, athematic, active only | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *(Ø)-éh₁ti | ||||
| 3rd plural | *(Ø)-éh₁n̥ti | ||||
| Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *(Ø)-éh₁mi | *(Ø)-éh₁m̥ | — | *(Ø)-éh₁oh₂ | *(Ø)-éh₁yeh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *(Ø)-éh₁si | *(Ø)-éh₁s | *(Ø)-éh₁, *(Ø)-éh₁dʰi | *(Ø)-éh₁esi | *(Ø)-éh₁yeh₁s |
| 3rd singular | *(Ø)-éh₁ti | *(Ø)-éh₁t | *(Ø)-éh₁tu | *(Ø)-éh₁eti | *(Ø)-éh₁yeh₁t |
| 1st dual | *(Ø)-éh₁wos | *(Ø)-éh₁we | — | *(Ø)-éh₁owos | *(Ø)-éh₁ih₁we |
| 2nd dual | *(Ø)-éh₁tes | *(Ø)-éh₁tom | *(Ø)-éh₁tom | *(Ø)-éh₁etes | *(Ø)-éh₁ih₁tom |
| 3rd dual | *(Ø)-éh₁tes | *(Ø)-éh₁tām | *(Ø)-éh₁tām | *(Ø)-éh₁etes | *(Ø)-éh₁ih₁tām |
| 1st plural | *(Ø)-éh₁mos | *(Ø)-éh₁me | — | *(Ø)-éh₁omos | *(Ø)-éh₁ih₁me |
| 2nd plural | *(Ø)-éh₁te | *(Ø)-éh₁te | *(Ø)-éh₁te | *(Ø)-éh₁ete | *(Ø)-éh₁ih₁te |
| 3rd plural | *(Ø)-éh₁n̥ti | *(Ø)-éh₁n̥t | *(Ø)-éh₁n̥tu | *(Ø)-éh₁onti | *(Ø)-éh₁ih₁n̥t |
| Participle | *(Ø)-éh₁n̥ts | ||||
With ablaut in the suffix:
| Imperfective, athematic, active only | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *(Ø)-éh₁ti | ||||
| 3rd plural | *(Ø)-h₁énti | ||||
| Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *(Ø)-éh₁mi | *(Ø)-éh₁m̥ | — | *(Ø)-éh₁oh₂ | *(Ø)-h₁yéh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *(Ø)-éh₁si | *(Ø)-éh₁s | *(Ø)-éh₁, *(Ø)-h₁dʰí | *(Ø)-éh₁esi | *(Ø)-h₁yéh₁s |
| 3rd singular | *(Ø)-éh₁ti | *(Ø)-éh₁t | *(Ø)-éh₁tu | *(Ø)-éh₁eti | *(Ø)-h₁yéh₁t |
| 1st dual | *(Ø)-h₁wós | *(Ø)-h₁wé | — | *(Ø)-éh₁owos | *(Ø)-h₁ih₁wé |
| 2nd dual | *(Ø)-h₁tés | *(Ø)-h₁tóm | *(Ø)-h₁tóm | *(Ø)-éh₁etes | *(Ø)-h₁ih₁tóm |
| 3rd dual | *(Ø)-h₁tés | *(Ø)-h₁tā́m | *(Ø)-h₁tā́m | *(Ø)-éh₁etes | *(Ø)-h₁ih₁tā́m |
| 1st plural | *(Ø)-h₁mós | *(Ø)-h₁mé | — | *(Ø)-éh₁omos | *(Ø)-h₁ih₁mé |
| 2nd plural | *(Ø)-h₁té | *(Ø)-h₁té | *(Ø)-h₁té | *(Ø)-éh₁ete | *(Ø)-h₁ih₁té |
| 3rd plural | *(Ø)-h₁énti | *(Ø)-h₁ént | *(Ø)-h₁éntu | *(Ø)-éh₁onti | *(Ø)-h₁ih₁ént |
| Participle | *(Ø)-h₁ónts | ||||
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “7. Fientiv”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 25